Topic One Flashcards by Justin .

A (n) is a set of instructions that a computer follows to perform a task

a. compiler
b. program
c. interpreter
d. programming language

b. program

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The physical devices that a computer is made of are referred to as

a. hardware
b. software
c. the operating system
d. tools

a. hardware

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The part of a computer that runs programs is called

a. RAM
b. secondary storage
c. main memory
d. the CPU

d. the CPU

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Today, CPUs are small chips known as

a. ENIACs
b. microprocessors
c. memory chips
d. operating systems

b. microprocessors

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The computer stores a program while the program is running, as well as the data that the program is working with, in

a. secondary storage
b. the CPU
c. main memory
d. the microprocessor

c. main memory

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This is a volatile type of memory that is used only for temporary storage while a program is running

a. RAM
b. secondary storage
c. the disk drive
d. the USB drive

a. RAM

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A type of memory that can hold data for long periods of time, even when there is no power to the computer, is called

a. RAM
b. main memory
c. secondary storage
d. CPU storage

c. secondary storage

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A component that collects data from people or other devices and sends it to the computer is called

a. an output device
b. an input device
c. a secondary storage device
d. main memory

b. an input device

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A video display is a (n) device

a. output
b. input
c. secondary storage
d. main memory

a. output

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A __________ is enough memory to store a letter of the alphabet or a small number

a. byte
b. bit
c. switch
d. transistor

a. byte

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A byte is made up of eight

a. CPUs
b. instructions
c. variables
d. bits

d. bits

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In the ______ numbering system, all numeric values are written as sequences of 0s and 1s

a. hexadecimal
b. binary
c. octal
d. decimal

b. binary

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A bit that is turned off represents the following value:

a. 1
b. −1
c. 0
d. “no”

c. 0

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A set of 128 numeric codes that represent the English letters, various punctuation marks, and other characters is

a. binary numbering
b. ASCII
c. Unicode
d. ENIAC

b. ASCII

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An extensive encoding scheme that can represent characters for many languages in the world is

a. binary numbering
b. ASCII
c. Unicode
d. ENIAC

c. Unicode

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Negative numbers are encoded using the technique

a. two’s complement
b. floating point
c. ASCII
d. Unicode

a. two’s complement

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Real numbers are encoded using the technique

a. two’s complement
b. floating point
c. ASCII
d. Unicode

b. floating point

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The tiny dots of color that digital images are composed of are called

a. bits
b. bytes
c. color packets
d. pixels

d. pixels

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If you were to look at a machine language program, you would see

a. Python code
b. a stream of binary numbers
c. English words
d. circuits

b. a stream of binary numbers

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In the ____ part of the fetch-decode-execute cycle, the CPU determines which operation it should perform

a. fetch
b. decode
c. execute
d. deconstruct

a. fetch

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Computers can only execute programs that are written in __________

a. Java
b. assembly language
c. machine language
d. Python

c. machine language

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The ________ translates an assembly language program to a machine language program

a. assembler
b. compiler
c. translator
d. interpreter

a. assembler

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The words that make up a high-level programming language are called

a. binary instructions
b. mnemonics
c. commands
d. key words

d. key words

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The rules that must be followed when writing a program are called

a. syntax
b. punctuation
c. key words
d. operators

a. syntax

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A (n) program translates a high-level language program into a separate machine language program a. assembler b. compiler c. translator d. utility

b. compiler

A _______ error does not prevent the program from running, but causes it to produce incorrect results a. syntax b. hardware c. logic d. fatal

c. logic

A ________ is a single function that the program must perform in order to satisfy the customer a. task b. software requirement c. prerequisite d. predicate

a. task

A (n) is a set of well-defined logical steps that must be taken to perform a task a. logarithm b. plan of action c. logic schedule d. algorithm

d. algorithm

An informal language that has no syntax rules and is not meant to be compiled or executed is called __________ a. faux code b. pseudocode c. Python d. a flowchart

b. pseudocode

A ___________ is a diagram that graphically depicts the steps that take place in a program a. flowchart b. step chart c. code graph d. program graph

a. flowchart

A __________ is a sequence of characters a. char sequence b. character collection c. string d. text block

c. string

A ____________ is a name that references a value in the computer’s memory a. variable b. register c. RAM slot d. byte

a. variable

A _________ is any hypothetical person using a program and providing input for it a. designer b. user c. guinea pig d. test subject

b. user

A string literal in Python must be enclosed in _________ a. parentheses. b. single-quotes. c. double-quotes. d. either single-quotes or double-quotes.

d. either single-quotes or double-quotes.

Short notes placed in different parts of a program explaining how those parts of the program work are called ______________ a. comments b. reference manuals c. tutorials d. external documentation

a. comments

A (n) makes a variable reference a value in the computer’s memory a. variable declaration b. assignment statement c. math expression d. string literal

a. variable declaration

This symbol marks the beginning of a comment in Python a. & b. * c. ** d. #

d. #

Which of the following statements will cause an error? a. x = 17 b. 17 = x c. x = 99999 d. x = ‘17’

b. 17 = x

In the expression 12 + 7, the values on the right and left of the symbol are called __________ a. operands b. operators c. arguments d. math expressions

a. operands

This operator performs integer division a. // b. % c. ** d. /

d. /

This is an operator that raises a number to a power a. % b. * c. ** d. /

c. **

This operator performs division, but instead of returning the quotient it returns the remainder a. % b. * c. ** d. /

a. %

Suppose the following statement is in a program: price = 99.0 After this statement executes, the price variable will reference a value of which data type? a. int b. float c. currency d. string

d. string

Which built-in function can be used to read input that has been typed on the keyboard? a. input () b. get_input () c. read_input () d. keyboard ()

a. input ()

Which built-in function can be used to convert an int value to a float? a. int_to_float () b. float () c. convert () d. int ()

b. float ()

A magic number is _______________ a. a number that is mathematically undefined b. an unexplained value that appears in a program’s code c. a number that cannot be divided by 1 d. a number that causes computers to crash

b. an unexplained value that appears in a program’s code

A __________ is a name that represents a value that does not change during the program’s execution a. named literal b. named constant c. variable signature d. key term

b. named constant

The instruction set for a microprocessor is unique and is typically understood only by the microprocessors of the same brand. True or False

True

The Python language mostly uses a compiler which is a program that translates the instructions in a high-level language to machine code. True or False

False

According to the behavior of integer division, when an integer is divided by an integer, the result will be a float. True or False

False

Python formats all floating-point numbers to two decimal places when outputting with the print statement. True or False

False

In Python, print statements written on separate lines do not necessarily output on separate lines. True or False

True

Select all that apply. To create a Python program you can use Excel A word processor if you save your file as a .docx A text editor IDLE

A text editor | IDLE

What is the informal language, used by programmers to create models of programs, that has no syntax rules and is not meant to be compiled or executed? Flowchart Source code Algorithm Pseudocode

Pseudocode

The __________ function reads a piece of data that has been entered at the keyboard and returns that piece of data, as a string, back to the program. eval_input() str_input() input() output()

input()

Which mathematical operator is used to raise 5 to the second power in Python? / ** ^ ~

In a print statement, you can set the __________ argument to a space or empty string to stop the output from advancing to a new line. newLine stop end separator

end

After the execution of the following statement, the variable price will reference the value __________ price = int(68.549) 68.6 68 68.55 69

Which of the following will display 20%? print(format(0.2, '.0%')) print(format(0.2, '%')) print(format(0.2 * 100, '.0%')) print(format(20, '.0%'))

print(format(0.2, '.0%'))

A variable is a name that represents a value stored in the computer's ________. CPU screen memory hard drive

memory

A ____________ is a diagram that graphically depicts the steps that take place in a program. ``` pseudocode code algorithm program flowchart ```

flowchart

Comments in Python begin with the # character. True or False

True

According to the behaviour of integer division, when an integer is divided by an integer, the result will be a float. True or False

False

As per Python variable naming rules, the uppercase and lowercase characters are not distinct. True or False

False

A computer's CPU can only understand instructions that are written as sequence of bits. True or False

True

The Python language uses a compiler, which translates a high-level language program into a complete machine language program. True or False

False

The output of print('I\'m ready to begin') is _________ Im ready to begin 'I\'m ready to begin' I'm ready to begin I\'m ready to begin

I'm ready to begin

The argument _______ is passed to the print function. This specifies that the print function should print a space instead of a newline character at the end of its output. ``` backslash trailing backslash end = ' ' \' comma ```

end = ' '

The output of print(-5//2) is ________________ 3 - 2.5 - 2 2. 5 - 3

-3