Topic One Biology

Question 1

What type of cell are animal and plant cells and what are their features

Answer 1

Eukaryotic

Cell wall
Cytoplasm
Nucleus containing dna

Question 2

What type of cell is a bacteria cell and what are its characteristics

Answer 2

Prokaryotic

Cell wall
Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Single circular strand of dna and plasmids

Question 3

What does a nucleus do in animal and plant cells

Answer 3

Contains dna for a protien which makes new cells

Question 4

What is cytoplasm’s functions in animal and plant cells

Answer 4

Liquid where chemical reactions happen

Contains enzymes which speed up reactions as biological catalysts

Question 5

What is a cell membranes functions in animal and plant cells

Answer 5

Controls what enters and leaves the cell

Question 6

What is a mitochondria’s function in animal and plant cells

Answer 6

Provide aerobic respiration

Making power for cell

Question 7

What are the ribosomes functions in animal and plant cells

Answer 7

It’s where protien synthesis occur

Question 8

What is a chloroplasts functions in plant cells

Answer 8

Where photosynthesis takes place-providing energy

Has chlorophyll which harvests the light needed for photosynthesis

Question 9

What does a permanent vacuous do in plant cells

Answer 9

Improves rigidity

Question 10

What does a cell wall do in plant cells

Answer 10

Provides strength to the cell

Made from cellulose

Question 11

What does chromosomal dna do in bacteria cells

Answer 11

Floats in dna as there is no nucleus

Question 12

What do plasmids do in bacteria cells?

Answer 12

Plasmids = small rings of dna

Question 13

What does a flagella do in bacteria cells

Answer 13

a long tails which allows it to move

Question 14

How has the sperm cell specialised?

Answer 14

Many mitochondria which supply the sperm eith energy

Top of head has digestive enzymes to break down outer layers of egg

Haploid nucleus - 23 chromosomes

Question 15

How are egg cells specialised ?

Answer 15

Only accepts one sperm

Lots of mitochondria to provide energy source for embryo

Question 16

How are ciliated epithelial cells specialised?

Answer 16

They move substances in one direction

Question 17

How are root hair cells specialised in plant cells

Answer 17

Large surface are - more water comes in

Question 18

How are the xylem specialised in plant cells
(Takes water and minerals from roots to shoots)

Answer 18

Lignin strengthens the xylem

Hollow so water and minerals can pass through

Question 19

What are the Features of an electron microscope and how do they work

Answer 19

More magnification than light microscope

The electrons form and image since they have a smaller wavelength than light

Question 20

What are the steps to use a livht microscope?

Answer 20

Place slide on stage and look through eyepiece lens

Turn focus wheel for clear image

Start with lowest objective lens magnification

Increas magnification of objective lens ad focus

Question 21

What is the lock and key hypothesis with enzymes

Answer 21

Each enzyme has its specific active site allowing the substrate to bing to it

Question 22

What do enzymes do

Answer 22

Speed up reactions(biological catalysts)

Question 23

What colour will iodine change into if starch is present?

Answer 23

Orange - blue or black

Question 24

What colour will benedicts solution turn if there is reducing sugars

Answer 24

Reddish brown

Question 25

Ehat colour occurs if there is protein present in a burette test

Answer 25

Blue – violet

Question 26

What colour will the top of the ethanol test turn if there is lipids(fats) present

Answer 26

There will be a white precipitate at the top of the sample