Tourism

Question 1

Beginning of tourism

Answer 1

attraction of visitors to pyramids in 2700 BC, olympics beginnings in 776 BC, phoenicians cruise mediterranean, chinese sacred sites

Question 2

Original motives for travel

Answer 2

religion or health and well being

Question 3

Religious motives

Answer 3

traditions of christianity (seeing jesus birthplace) and islam (mecca pilgrimage)

Question 4

Health and wellbeing motives

Answer 4

improving health and well being for those who could afford (upper class). such as traveling to sea side for saltwater dipping

Question 5

18th Century development of tourism

Answer 5

europeans visiting romantic and fascinating sites - learning history, architecture and literature. Thomas Cook organised travel

Question 6

Industrial revolution

Answer 6

industrial economy provided more transport options and pushed people out of cities

Question 7

Why tourism matters

Answer 7

10% of global GDP, 1/10 jobs, exports

Question 8

tourism definition

Answer 8

people traveling and staying in places outside their usual environment for no more than 1 year

Question 9

Tourism dimensions

Answer 9

place, purpose, duration

Question 10

Tourism system

Answer 10

tourists generating region >
(returning) (transit) (departing)
<Tourist destination region

Question 11

Tourism environment

Answer 11

physical, social cultural, economic, political, technological

Question 12

Physical environment

Answer 12

built facilities and structures and natural

Question 13

Social cultural environment

Answer 13

features in a destination

Question 14

Economic environment

Answer 14

ability to travel (time and money)

Question 15

Political and technological environment

Answer 15

provide accessibility and availability to travellers

Question 16

Tourism system overview

Answer 16

geographic regions, macro-environment, tourists, travel and tourism industry

Question 17

Components of travel and tourism

Answer 17

transportation, accomodation, attractions, events, amenities/infrastructure, administration, marketing and promotion

Question 18

Tourist classifications

Answer 18

domestic, inbound and outbound (international)

Question 19

Dometic tourism

Answer 19

travel within own country of residence.

Question 20

Nature of domestic tourism

Answer 20

familiar to travellers, low marketing cost, consistent needs, simple itineraries, no cultural barriers, easy market, consistent systems

Question 21

Inbound tourism

Answer 21

non resident traveling to and within a reference country (destination)

Question 22

Outbound tourism

Answer 22

resident visitor traveling outside own country

Question 23

International tourism

Answer 23

inbound + outbound

Question 24

Nature of international tourism

Answer 24

unfamiliar, higher marketing cost, varied needs, complex itineraries, cultural barriers, varied distribution system and long term investment

Question 25

Traveller motivations

Answer 25

push and pull

Question 26

Push motivation

Answer 26

person specific motives: escape, relaxation, novelty, knowledge seeking, socialisation

Question 27

Pull motivation

Answer 27

destination inherent factors: attractions, activities, climate, culture

Question 28

Types of tourists

Answer 28

allocentric (venturer, near venturer), mid centric (centric venturer, centric dependible), psychocentric (near dependable, dependable)

Question 29

Allocentric tourists

Answer 29

take risks, not afraid, love exploring, independant, adventurers

Question 30

Mid centric tourists

Answer 30

majority of people - love exploring but also love home. combination of pre booked and self organised

Question 31

Psychocentric tourists

Answer 31

enjoy familiarity, packages, want catering, preference to known brands, regular and repetitive

Question 32

Tourism marketing

Answer 32

exchange and co creation of value between host and tourist through systems in geographical spaces

Question 33

Hosts

Answer 33

businesses, policy makers, host communities

Question 34

Geographical spaces

Answer 34

destinations, transits, regions, tourism generating regions

Question 35

Destination marketing

Answer 35

promoting individual/collective experiences to visitors consistent with offer - regional or nationwide

Question 36

DMO

Answer 36

destination marketing organisation

Question 37

Destination image

Answer 37

sum of perceptions of destination subjective to individual: key marketing metric

Question 38

Key marketing metrics of destination image

Answer 38

decision to visit, satisfaction, loyalty

Question 39

Tourism NZ

Answer 39

100% Pure. key part of NZ. 90% visitors satisfied. nature pull motive. high value

Question 40

High quality visitors

Answer 40

give back more than they take - sustainable and culturally respectful

Question 41

Nature of tourism

Answer 41

intangible, role of people, variable service, perishable/seasonal, shared experience

Question 42

Tourist journey

Answer 42

pre trip (dreaming, planning, booking), on trip (experiencing), post trip (sharing)