Tourism Topic 2 Flashcards
(13 cards)
Globalisation: Growth of international tourism
- Increasing ability to travel (search and buy packages online)
- Increasing motivation to travel (Greater access to new ideas on tourism-related services)
- Increasing mobility to travel (a place become more connected via different mode of transport)
Deman of tourism Increase popularity
- seek new places to fulfil their needs
- Globalisation facilitates the sharing of their experience of an unknown place
- Where this place can be easily planned and booked
- To get there is relatively simple because of advancement in technology
Demand: new experiences (Adventure tourism)
- Travel to natural environments and participate in challenging activities
- Seek to achieve personal growth and self-fulfilment
Demand: New experiences (Heritage)
- Participate in activities to experience its culture and learn its history
- Fulfil their need for unique travel experiences and understand the rich diverse global cultures
Demand: New experiences (Sports)
- Observe or participate in sporting events
- (participate) seek to achieve personal growth
- (Observe) Seek for enjoyment and relieve of stress
Demand: New experiences (Health)
- Seek for medical care of activities to enhance their physical, mental, or spiritual wellness
- Seek medical help overseas because of:
- price
- time
- availability - Contributes to greater sense of self-fulfilment as they may improve tourists’ well-being.
Supplied by: Mass Market Tour Operators
- Cater to large group of people
- Often include other tourism services (Transport)
- Relatively cheap
- Reduce the hassle of buying individually
- Trust the tourist operator’s knowledge of destinations
Supplied by: Specialist tour operators
- supply tours for niche travel
- Specialised in specific experiences that mass market do not offer
- not widely purchased
- Tour operators are experts to give advice and recommendations
How does tourism impact the economy?
Positive:
1. Employment opportunities (large number and wide range of jobs)
2. Income generation from GST (Taxes by tourist equal $$ to gov)
Negative:
1. Economic leakage resulting in less tourism revenue (the $$ does not go to gov because of local businesses paying other country)
2. overdependence on tourism increase the vulnerability to a sudden fall (Unexpected events like natural disasters, unfavourable political situations, economic downturn)
How does tourism impact society and culture?
Positive:
1. Cultural preservation (The culture attracts people, then earn $$, then its being kept as an attraction)
2. Enhancing cultural ecosystem services (Protecting the environment for tourist activities enhance cultural ecosystem services offered by nature)
Negative:
1. Commodification of cultural (To attract more, they commodify the culture then lose authenticity)
2. Cultural Clashes (Tourist being insensitive to local norms including religion customs and traditions leading to negative sentiment)
3. Rise in crimes (increase in rate because tourist are relaxed and off-guarded making them an easier target)
Nature of interaction between local and tourists
- Their encounter determines the nature of social impacts of tourism
- Relationships between locals and tourist are unequal, as tourists’ needs are focus more
- The greater the difference in power equal to more negative social impacts occurring.
How does tourism impact the environment positively?
- Conservation of natural environments and preservation of biodiversity (Maintain a good environment to attract tourists to visit, Tourism revenue generated can be used to fund the protection)
- Restoration of degraded aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems (Potential to be tourist attractions, providing motivation to upgrade the place)
How does tourism affect the environment negatively?
- Pollution:
- Greenhouse emission travel by air, sea land cause emission
- Inadequate sewage facilities and improper waste disposal generates a significant amount of waste - Depletion of natural resources and threats to wildlife habitats:
- Overuse of natural resources
- Careless tourist may trample on plants.
