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Pharm > Toxicology > Flashcards

Toxicology Flashcards

1
Q

AChE inhibitor Toxidrome

  • symptoms
  • Tx
A
  • miosis, salivation, sweating, GI cramp, diarrhea, muscle twitches/seizures, coma, respiration failure
  • Tx: atropine and pralidoxime
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2
Q

Atropine and muscarinic blocker Toxidrome

  • symptoms
  • Tx
A
  • increase HR, increased BP, hyperthermia, delirium, hallucinations, mydriasis
  • Tx: symptomatic and physostigmine
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3
Q

CO poisoning

  • symptoms
  • Tx
A
  • N/V, dyspnea with hyperventilation, mydriasis, vertigo, cardiovascular signs, decreased BP, syncope, increased HR, arrhythmias
  • Tx: hyperbaric O2 and decontamination
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4
Q

CNS Stimulants Toxidrome

  • symptoms
  • Tx
A
  • anxiety/agitation, hyperthermia, sweating, mydriasis, increased HR, increased BP, psychosis, seizures
  • Tx: symptomatic, benzos
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5
Q

Opioid Toxidrome

  • symptoms
  • Tx
A
  • lethargy, sedation, decreased HR, decreased BP, hypoventilation, miosis, coma, respiratory failure
  • Tx: ventilation, naloxone
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6
Q

Salicylate (ASA)

  • symptoms
  • Tx
A
  • confusion, lethargy, hypervent, hyperthermia, dehydration, hypokalemia, acidosis, seizures, coma
  • urinary alkalosis, hemodialysis, corret electrolytes
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7
Q

sedative hypnotics and ethanol

  • symptoms
  • Tx
A
  • disinhibition, lethargy, ataxia, nystagmus, stupor, coma, hypothermia, resp fail
  • ventilation, flumazenil
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8
Q

SSRIs

  • symptoms
  • Tx
A
  • agitation, confusion, hallucination, muscle rigidity, hyperthermia, increased HR, increased BP, seizures
  • anti-psychotics and BZ, cyproheptadine
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9
Q

TCA

  • symptoms
  • Tx
A
  • mydriasis, hyperthermia, dry skin, convulsion, coma, cardiotoxicity (arrhythmia)
  • DONT GIVE PHYSOSTIGMINE
  • treat symptoms, correct acidosis
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10
Q

Heavy metal poisoning

A

inhibit SH groups on enzymes

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11
Q

Arsenic poisoning

  • acute
  • chronic
  • treatment
A
  • GE, hypoTN, met acid, garlic breath, rice water stool, torsades, seizures
  • pallor, raindrop skin pigment, alopecia, stocking glove neuropathy, myelosuppression
  • Tx: activated charcoal, dinercaperol, penicilamine, succimer
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12
Q

Iron poisoning

  • acute
  • treatment
A
  • severe GI distress–>necrotizin GE with hematemesis, dyspnea, shock, coma
  • deferoxamine
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13
Q

Lead poisoning

  • acute
  • chronic
  • treatment
A
  • N/V/D, malaise, tremor, tinnitus, paresthesia, encephalopathy
  • anemia, neuropathy, nephropathy, hepatitis, mental retardation, decreased fertilty
  • dimercaprol, EDTA, succimer
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14
Q

Mercury poisoning

  • acute
  • chronic
  • treatment
A
  • chest pain, dyspnea, pneumonitis, hemorrhagic GE, ATN, shock
  • ataxia, paresthesia, vision and hearing loss, loose teeth
  • succimer, dimercaprol
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15
Q

Acetaminophen antidote

A

acetylcysteine

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16
Q

AChE inhibitors antidote

A

atropine and pralidoxime

17
Q

Iron and Iron salt antidote

A

deferoxamine

18
Q

Digoxin antidote

A

Digoxin immune F(ab)

19
Q

Arsenic, gold, mercury, lead antidote

A

dimercaprol (BAL)

20
Q

lead poisoning antidote

A

EDTA

21
Q

Theophylline and beta agonist antidote

A

esmolol

22
Q

methanol or ethylene glycol antidote

A

ethanol, fomepizole

23
Q

Benzos, zolpidem, zaleplon antidote

A

Flumazenil

24
Q

opioid antidote

A

naloxone

25
Q

carbon monoxide antidote

A

oxygen

26
Q

Copper (Wilson’s disease), Fe, Pb, Mg antidote

A

Penacillamine

27
Q 
Anticholinergic antidote
(atropine, antihistamine, antiparkinson)
A

Physostygmine

28
Q

Haparin antidote

A

Protamine

29
Q

warfarin and coumadin antidote

A

vitamin K

30
Q

oral poisoning

A

activated charcoal

31
Q

Echinacea (colds)

A

SE: GI, dizzy, headache

32
Q

garlic (hyperlipidemia, cancer)

A

caution with anticoagulants

33
Q

gingko (caludication)

A

caution with anticoagulants

34
Q

ginseng (mental/physical performance)

A

insomnia, nervousness, HTN, vaginal bleeding

35
Q

saw palmetto (BPH)

A

GI pain, decreased libido, headache, HTN

36
Q

st john’s wort (depression)

A

serotonin syndrome with SSRI

induces P450–>decreased effect of many drugs

Pharm (11 decks)

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