Toxicology Clinical Signs

Question 1

-anorexia
-decreased production
-cardiac failure
-ataxia
-diarrhea
-depression
-dyspnea

Answer 1

ionophore toxicosis in cattle

Question 2

-anorexia
-feed refusal
-weakness
-ataxia
-diarrhea
-depression
-squatting
-sternal recumbency
-dropped head and wings
-proprioceptive defects
-paralysis
-death
-decreased production
-leg weakness

Answer 2

ionophore toxicosis in chickens

Question 3

-cyanosis
-weakness
-ataxia
-exercise intolerance
-tachycardia
-tremors
-convulsions
-death
-abortions

Answer 3

nitrate toxicosis

Question 4

-salivation
-bruxism
-muscle tremors
-abdominal pain
-ataxia
-dyspnea
-recumbency
-death

Answer 4

NPN toxicosis

Question 5

-feed refusal
-gastroenteritis
-ataxia
-muscle tremors
-seizures
-opisthotonus
-walking backwards
-death

Answer 5

salt toxicosis

Question 6

-blindness
-ataxia
-seizures
-recumbency
-death

Answer 6

sulfur toxicosis

Question 7

• pre-puberal gilts= vulvar swelling, rectal/vaginal prolapse
• sows= pseudopregnancy
• pregnant sows= embryonic death
• boars=feminization, pre-pubertal edema, infertility, decreased libido
• cattle= infertility

Answer 7

zearenalone toxicosis

Question 8

-liver dz
-pulmonary edema in pigs
-leukoencephalomalacia in horses

Answer 8

fumonisin toxicity

Question 9

-vomiting
-irritation
-weakness
-tremors
-seizures
-panting

Answer 9

tremorgenic mycotoxins

Question 10

-vomiting
-diarrhea
-tachycardia
-arrhythmia
-heart failure
-excitability
-tremors
-ataxia
-seizures
-respiratory failure

Answer 10

cholocate/caffeine toxicity (methylxanthines)

Question 11

-anemia
-depression
-pale MM
-tachypnea
-tachycardia
-pigmenturia
-vomiting
-diarrhea

Answer 11

allium spp. toxicosis

Question 12

-consistent vomiting
-diarrhea
-anorexia
-lethargy

Answer 12

grape/raisin toxicity

Question 13

-vomiting
-depression
-ataxia
-hyperthermia
-tremors

Answer 13

macadamia nut toxicity

Question 14

-vomiting
-weakness
-collapse
-ataxia
-tremors
-seizures
-increased liver parameters
-prolonged coagulation

Answer 14

xylitol toxicity

Question 15

-vomiting
-diarrhea
-inappetence
-hematemesis
-hematochezia
-GI ulceration
-perforation
-peritonitis
-anorexia
-oliguria/anuria
-uremic breath
-decreased mentation
-seizures
-respiratory depression

Answer 15

NSAID toxicity

Question 16

-mydriasis
-vomiting
-weakness
-ataxia
-depression
-coma
-urinary incontinence

Answer 16

THC toxicity

Question 17

-tachycardia
-hyperactivity
-tremors
-seizures
-myoglobinuric nephrosis
-hyperthermia

Answer 17

meth toxicity

Question 18

-hyperactivity
-seizures
-hyperthermia
-tremors
-mydriasis
-vomiting
-tachycardia

Answer 18

cocaine toxicity

Question 19

-gastropathy
-lethargy
-anorexia
-anemia
-encephalopathy
-neuropathy

Answer 19

acute lead toxicosis

Question 20

-weight loss
-impaired bone growth
-peripheral neuropathy
-impaired brain development in children

Answer 20

chronic lead toxicosis

Question 21

-muscle wasting
-muscle weakness
-inability to feed

Answer 21

lead poisoning in waterfowl

Question 22

GI (vomiting, diarrhea, bleeding)

Answer 22

stage 1 iron toxicity

Question 23

latent

Answer 23

stage 2 iron toxicity

Question 24

-lethargy
-GI
-hypotension
-tachycardia
-coagulation deficits
-hepatic necrosis
- +/- death

Answer 24

stage 3 iron toxicity

Question 25

-healing ulcers -fibrosis -strictures

Answer 25

stage 4 iron toxicity

Question 26

-GI upset -renal failure -hemolysis -hemoglobinuria

Answer 26

zinc toxicity

Question 27

-lesions in hooves/skin/hair -weight loss -posterior paralysis -impaired immune system -reproductive effects

Answer 27

chronic selenium toxicity

Question 28

cardiovascular injury

Answer 28

acute selenium toxicity

Question 29

-GI irritation: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea -Cardiac: hypertension, tachycardia -CNS injury -acute and chronic kidney injury -reproductive problems

Answer 29

mercury toxicity

Question 30

- pain - local necrosis and hemorrhage - hemolysis and hemoglobinuria - coagulopathy - rhabdomyolysis - myoglobinuria - shock - circulatory collapse

Answer 30

rattlesnake venom

Question 31

-pain -muscle cramps -paralysis

Answer 31

spider biotoxins

Question 32

SLUDGEM

Answer 32

OP/carbamate poisoning

Question 33

-hypersalivation -vomiting -diarrhea -hyperexcitability -ataxia -tremors -seizures -hypo or hyperthermia -paresthesia -hypersensitivity

Answer 33

pyrethrin and pyrethroid toxicosis

Question 34

CNS signs -> coma, seizures, CNS stim/depression, hyperesthesia, abnormal behaviour

Answer 34

acute bromethalin toxicosis

Question 35

hind limb paresis/paralysis

Answer 35

chronic bromethalin toxicosis

Question 36

lethargy, weakness, diarrhea, cardiac arrythmia, ECG changes, acute renal failure, death

Answer 36

cholecalciferol toxicosis

Question 37

anorexia, depression, bloat, colic, rapid/deep respiration, vomiting, ataxia, convulsions, hyperesthesia

Answer 37

zinc phosphide poisoning

Question 38

hyperextension of limbs, tetanic seizures, muscle spasms, respiratory failure, hyperthermia, tachycardia, opisthotonus

Answer 38

strychnine poisoning

Question 39

distress, weakness, labored breathing, collapse, convulsions, acute death

Answer 39

cyanogenic glycoside poisnoning

Question 40

trembling, dyspnea, bradycardia, diarrhea, cardiac failure, sudden death

Answer 40

taxine alkaloid ingestion

Question 41

hypovolemic shock, abdominal pain, hemorrhagic diarrhea

Answer 41

castor bean (lectins - ricin and ricinin) poisnoning

Question 42

tachycardia, death

Answer 42

acute ragwort

Question 43

photosensitization -> hepatic injury

Answer 43

chronic ragwort

Question 44

weight loss, depression, weakness, incoordination, wide stance, twitching, arrhythmias, recumbency, convulsions, death

Answer 44

bracken fern toxicosis in horses

Question 45

hematuria, anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, fever, anorexia, hemorrhage, melena

Answer 45

bracken fern toxicosis in cows

Question 46

cyanosis, icterus, depression, anemia, hemoglobinuria

Answer 46

red maple toxicosis

Question 47

constant chewing, hypertonicity of facial muscles, paralysis of lips and tongue, hyperemia, depression

Answer 47

russian knapweed toxication

Question 48

depression, vomiting, renal failure

Answer 48

lily toxicosis

Question 49

salivation with frothing, irregular gait, coma, convulsions, fast and irregular heartbeat, short and shallow breathing, vomiting

Answer 49

false hellebore in ewes

Question 50

Day 14: cyclopia, anopthalmia, cleft palate, shortened maxilla Day 28-31: arthrogryposis, shortened long bones

Answer 50

false hellebore to sheep fetus