Toxins

Question 1

Neurotoxins

Answer 1

Clostridium tetani
Clostridium botulinum

Question 2

Clostridium tetani

Answer 2

Tetanospasmin
Heavy subunit:binds to neuronal gangliosides
Light subunit;blocks release of inhibitory neurotransmiters (GABA,glycine)from Renshaw inhibitory neurons.

Question 3

Clostridium botulinum

Answer 3

Botulinum toxin
Inhibits Ach release from motor neuron endplates at neuromuscular junction.
Most potent exotoxin

Question 4

Enterotoxins can cause

Answer 4

Food poisoning
Infectious diarrhea

Question 5

Enterotoxins (infectious diarrhea)

Answer 5

1.Vibrio cholerae -choleragen ——cholera(increasing cyclic AMP levels result in increased luminal NaCl,which osmotically pulls fluid and electrolytes into the intestinal tract
Causes diarrhea ans and dehydration.
2.E.coli
3.Campylobacter jejuni
4.Bacillus cereus

Question 6

Pyrogenic toxins

Answer 6

Strep.pyogenes (pyrogenic toxin——— Scarlet fever)
Staph.aureus- Toxic shock syndrome toxin-TSST-1

Question 7

Tissue invasive toxins

Answer 7

Strep.pyogenes,staph.aureus,clostridium perfirngens

Question 8

Tissue invasive toxins(staph.aureus)

Answer 8

Lipases
Penicilinase
Staphylokinase
Leukocidin
Exfoliatin-scalded skin syndrome

Question 9

Tissue invasive toxin(clostridium perfingens)

Answer 9

More than 12 lethal toxins
Alfa toxin(lecithinqse)most impoetant

Question 10

Exotoxins

Answer 10

Bacillus anthracis-anhtrax toxin(protective anrigen.,lethal factor,edema factor)
Corynebactwrum diptheriae(dipthwria toxim— subunit A and B-
Bordetella pertusis -4 toxins
Pertusis toxin,extracytoplasmic adenylate cyclase
Filamebtous hemagglutinin
Tracheal cytotoxin ——** WHOOPING COUGH**
Clostridiodes difficle-toxin A,toxinB ,,*PSEUDOMEMBRANOUS ENTEROCOLITIS
Pseudomonas aeroginosa- pseudomonas exotoxin A.