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Flashcards in Toxins Deck (11)
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1
Q

Which poisons cause constricted pupils?

A

Opioids
Organophosphorous insecticides
Nerve agents

2
Q

Which poisons cause dilated pupils?

A

Tricyclic antidepressants
Amfetamines
Cocaine
Antimuscarinic drugs

3
Q

What are the clinical features of aspirin poisoning?

A
Tinnitus
Nausea
Vomiting 
Hyperventilation 
Hyperpyrexia 
Sweating and tachycardia
4
Q

How is aspirin poisoning managed?

A

Activated charcoal
Hypokalaemia should be corrected
Haemodialysis for severe salicylate poisoning

5
Q

What are the clinical features of paracetamol poisoning?

A
Nausea
Vomiting 
Abdo pain 
Liver failure 72-96 hours after 
AKI 3-5 days later
6
Q

How is paracetamol poisoning managed?

A

IV N-acetylcysteine (NAC)

7
Q

What are the common adverse reactions with NAC?

A

Nausea, vomiting

Anaphylactoid reaction, urticarial rash, angio-oedema, bronchospasm and hypotension

8
Q

What are the clinical features of TCA poisoning?

A
Tachycardia
Hypotension 
QRS prolongation on ECG
Dilated pupils 
Convulsions 
Urinary retention
9
Q

What is the management for TCA poisoning?

A

Treat convulsions with diazepam

Sodium bicarbonate for QRS prolongation

10
Q

What are the clinical features of opioid poisoning?

A

Depression of respiratory and CNS
Constricted pupils
Hypotension

11
Q

How is opioid poisoning managed?

A

IV naloxone repeated at intervals of 2-3 minutes until the effect of the opioid has been reversed