TPN Flashcards
(44 cards)
define malnutrition
deficiency/excess/imbalance of energy/proteins/other nutrients causing adverse effects on the body
what can malnutrition cause
impaired immunity decreased wound healing increased complications poor response to therapy (3x more likely to have complications) reduced growth/development death
what is acute malnutrition
develops rapidly in the presence of acute stress/injury
what is chronic malnutrition
develops in a number of disease states but requires long term monitoring and therapy
if a patient has Inadequate or unsafe oral intake but a Functional, accessible GI tract which feeding method would you use
enteral feeding tube
if a patient has Inadequate or unsafe oral intake but a non-functional, accessible GI tract which feeding method would you use
parenteral nutrition (IV)
what is parenteral nutrition
IV administration of nutritionally balanced, physiochemical, stable and sterile combination of water and nutrients
what makes up parenteral nutrition
wateramino acids glucose lipids vitamins trace elements electrolytes
maintenenace water requirements in PN
1500ml + 20ml/kg >20kg
causes of dehydration/increased fluid requirements with PN
fever, GI loss, blood loss and burns
causes of fluid overload/decreased fluid requirements with PN
blood transfusion, drugs, renal/cardiac failure
how much of your bw is made up of water
60%
nitrogen requirements in PN
0.2g/kg/day
when would more amino acids be required in PN
diseased/clinically stressed states
what are the amino acid requirements
20 in total, 8 cannot be synthesised and 5 conditionally essential
warning with TV amino acid administration
hypertonic - should not be administered alone
what affects energy requirements
age, activity, disease severity
what are the energy requirements
25-35 non-protein kcal/kg/day
why should glucose not be given alone
hyperglycaemia fatty infiltration of liver excessive co2 production and o2 consumption essential fatty acid deficiency
energy content of glucose
1g anhydrous glucose = 4kcal
energy content of lipids
10kcal/g of oil
lipid requirements
2.5g/kg/day
which acids contain essential fatty acids
linolenic and linoleic acids
what are the fat soluble vitamins
A, D, E, K1
