Trade Unions Time Periods

Question 1

Guided age

Answer 1

Gains:
- increase in demand for unskilled semi skilled in transport heavy industry growth led to growth in unions KOL 20,000 1881 to 700,000 1886
- 1st national labour federation AFL 1886 link all unions
- wage skilled 60% rise
- sickness clubs
- 1860 885k workers 1900 8.2 mill
- increase unions influence on business
Loss:
- haymarket 1886 reputation
- economic unemployment reduction wage
- court support employers end strike
Laissez faire policy
- long hours conditions 1889 2000 rail workers killed accidents
- industrialisation
- unskilled 30% of skilled workers
- division incasre
- 1869 national negro labour
- imgrants
- spies
Contract system workers could easily be laid off

Question 2

New deal

Answer 2

Gains:
- NIRA industry recovery act 1933 NRA national recovery administration improve worker employer relations
- Wagner 1935 collective barging union
-minimum wage fair labours standards act 1938
- US steel recognised steel workers organising committee 1937
- increase union membership 3.7 mill 1933- 9 mill 1938
- CIO comitte industrial organisations 1935 unite smaller unions
Loss:
- ford dint recognise NIRA WAGNER
-NIRA unconstitutional 1935
- broke strikes
- Unskilled less pay
- WM not gain in pay rise NIRA FLSA
- strong arm

Unequal Benefits: Many New Deal programs excluded agricultural and domestic workers, who were disproportionately Black and Latino, leaving a large section of the workforce outside of union protection.
3. Rise of Company Unions: Some employers created fake “company unions” to avoid dealing with real trade unions. This undermined genuine collective bargaining and made it harder for independent unions to gain influence.

Question 3

Bp

Answer 3

Gains:
- encouraged unions to discrimination and division within
- economic opportunity act 1964
-Johnson great society
- Nixon affirmative action
- help AAA in ghettos
- national attention to poverty
Loss:
- violence - hate
- difference AA white divided movement
- more concern culture
More about poverty not labour rights
- 10point plan
- separate Black workers’ groups, which, while empowering for some, weakened the collective power of the broader, united labor movement.