Trahee

Question 1

Limite

Answer 1

In plan medio-sagital, in fata esofagului
C6-T4 la adult
C4-T4 la copil

-se alungeste cand laringele se ridica
-se scurteaza cand coboara

Question 2

Traiect

Answer 2

-directie oblica, de sus in jos, din ant spre post
-la origine: 15-20 de mm de supraf teg
-la orif superior: la 45mm
-la final: la 75 mm

Question 3

Impresiuni

Answer 3

Impresiunea tiroidiana (pe stanga)
Impresiunea aortica (pe stanga la terminatia ei)

Question 4

Dimensiuni

Answer 4

La adult: diametru: 16-18 mm
L=100-120 mm
La nou nascut:
diametru: 5mm
L=30-40
La 1 an:
diametru: 6-8 mm
L=70

Question 5

Raporturi

Answer 5

1. Port cervicala:
   *ant:
   -istmul gl tiroide + vase
   -plexul venos impar (dreneaza de la laringe si tiroida)
   *peste ele=>
   -lama pretraheala
   -m subhioidieni
   -lama superficiala a fasciei cerv
   -extrem sup ale timusului
   -pielea
   *post: port cerv a esofagului
   *lat: -lobii gl tiroide
   -manunchi vasc-nerv al gatului
   -noduri limf lat prof
   -art tiroidiana inf
   -art vertebrala
   -n laringeu recurent st/ dr
2. Port toracica= mediastinala:
   *ant: -incrucis de arcul aortei
   -tr brahiocefalic (dr)
   -carotida com st
   -vena brahiocef st
   -plexul tiroidian impar
   -timus
   -m transv al toraceluu
   -sternul
   -pielea
   *post: port toracica a esofagului
   *lat st: -pleura mediastinala
   -n laringeu recurent st
   -arcul aortic
   *lat dr: -pleura mediastinala
   -vcs
   -n frenic dr
   -arcul venei azygos
3. Bifurcatia traheei
   -cu noduri limf traheobronhice inf
   *ant: aorta asc
   *post: esofagul torac + fibre nerv ale plexului pulmonar
   *jos: pericard +inima

Question 6

Structura

Answer 6

1. Schelet fibro-cart
   -15-20 arcuri cartil (h=3-4mm, grosime=1mm), incomplete post
   -ultimul=> pintenele traheal
   -cartilajele sunt unite prin lig traheal si invelite de pericondru int si ext
   -post=> perete membranos (contine fibre de colagen+ elastice) acoperit inf de m traheal
2. Adventitie
   -acopera scheletul
   -form din t adipos in care se gasesc vase, nervi, limf, fibre ale m traheo-esofagian
3. Mucoasa
   - form din epiteliu + corion
   -contine multe gl mucoase, seroase, seromucoase

Question 7

Vascularizatie

Answer 7

Artere:
-port cerv:
Art tiroid inf-> ramuri traheale
-port torac:
Art bronhice

Vene:
-port cerv:
Plexul tiroidian impar-> vene brahiocef
-port torac:
Vene intercost-> sist azygos

Limf:
-port cerv:
Noduri cerv lat profunde
-port torac:
Noduri para/pre traheale, traheobronhice sup, inf, mediastinale post

Question 8

Nervi

Answer 8

PS: n laringeu recurent
S: gglt cervicali, toracici