Training Flashcards
Explain Induction
Induction involves introducing a new employee to the workplace. They will become familiar with the administrative systems of the employer and be introduced to work colleagues and direct line management. The objective of induction is to familiarise new employees with their place of employment and to make them feel more comfortable in their new employment. A successful induction programme will motivate staff and reduce the risk of staff leaving at an early stage.
Describe at-the-elbow training
Where employees work with or next to an experienced employee and learn the job alongside them.
Describe job rotation
Where new employees work for a short period of time in each
department of the company.
Describe coaching
Where a senior employee guides the development of a junior member by continuously watching them and offering advice.
Describe mentoring
The new employee works on their own whilst being paired with a more experienced member of staff who they can go to for advice and assistance.
Define on the job training
Involves training that takes place within the workplace
Define off the job training
Where the employee trains away from the place of work
Advantages of on the job training
☑ cheap – employee works alongside experienced operative – no need to pay external agency
☑ quick to organise – given as needed
☑ effective – trainee supervised – trained in the ways of specific business
☑ still contribute to production
Disadvantages of on the job training
☒ may not provide in depth training – depends on skills of other employees – may not be effective trainer – poor communication skills – may pass on bad habits to trainee
☒ may be limited to individual training – rather than to group
☒ takes up time of trainer – skilled
employees taken off production
☒ not motivational.
Advantages of off the job training
☑ wide range of skills gained – from experienced trainers – who are up to date with modern ideas – practices – high quality
☑ employees can gain qualifications – improved morale – quality of work
☑ input of new ideas into the workplace.
Disadvantages of off the job training
☒ may be expensive – trainers may be paid to come on site – or employees attend of course sites at colleges, etc.
☒ no production takes place whilst
employees away
☒ may not be aimed at specific needs of the business – as variety of skills taught
☒ qualifications may lead to employees leaving – higher value on job market.
Define retraining
Training is an ongoing process.
Employees often need to be retrained to cope with
the changing working environment.
Changes in the working environment can be due to
- new health and safety requirements
- new working practices
- new technology
- new government training schemes.
Explain self - assessment
Self-assessment is the process of having the employee:
* critically reflecting upon their own performance
* recording their progress
* suggesting targets for the future.
Perhaps the most important benefit of self-assessment is that the process encourages self-reflection: ‘Am I doing the best job I can and how could I improve?’.
Define appraisal
A process of assessing the effectiveness of an employee:
* evaluating the usefulness of an employee to a business
* commonly undertaken as a one-to-one discussion between employee and manager
* an attempt by a business to find out the qualities, usefulness or worth of an employee
* feedback is given regarding performance.
Benefits of undertaking appraisals with employees
☑ The overall performance of their employees may improve – timekeeping customer sales levels, contribution to teamwork, etc.
☑ The motivation of certain employees may improve being able to express their views may be a positive experience for some. A two-way process.
☑ The appraisal may identify training needs and lead to a more efficient workforce.
☑ Employees who have potential for promotion may be identified and make a more significant contribution to the business in the future.
☑ Provide information for more effective human resource planning/pay/promotion.
☑ May assess the effectiveness of the selection process.
Explain peer-assessment
Peer assessment refers to the process of having employees of a similar level of responsibility critically comment upon the performance of a co-worker and perhaps suggest methods of
improvement.
This method helps employees learn from each other and it may be less critical (softer) than appraisal by managers.
This is useful when large groups require appraisal and may be helpful as workers naturally compare their performance with that of their co-workers.
Explain apprenticeships
Apprenticeships are formal agreements between an employer and an employee that commits the employer to facilitate training and workplace experience for the employee. This will lead to a recognised qualification that is accepted throughout the relevant industry. All apprentices are
paid a wage, which is dependent on age.
Benefits of a well trained workforce
- Increases efficiency and enables the service they provide to be improved.
- Ensures that employees have the necessary skills and attributes to carry out their jobs.
- Increases the motivation and job satisfaction of staff.
- Can identify employees’ potential to make an even better contribution to the business.
- May reduce costs in the long run – accidents, injuries, recruitment costs, etc.
- Can make staff more flexible and better able to cope with change – employees are now able to adapt to change more easily and contribute more to the business.
- Employees are better equipped to work independently.
- Training motivates, thereby allowing employees to reach their potential and contribute fully to the business.
- Job enrichment and job enlargement can be implemented if employees are given the right
training. - Training can assist in retaining high-quality staff who might otherwise leave.
- Training can also be helpful when recruiting as potential employees might be attracted by the opportunities offered.
