Trait Theory Eysnck Flashcards
Definition of personality
CINTP
The organisation of an individuals characteristics, intellect, physique, temperament and nervous system
What theory did he believe in?
Believed in genetic heritance of personality traits
Biological determinant in personality
How many dimensions in personality?
What method did he speak about?
What responses are evident? What are these responses seen as?
3 dimensions
Argued that through observation, specific responses were evident
Specific responses were habitual responses (way individual behaves in a situation)
How many supertraits did Eysnck have initially
Definition of extraversion and introversion?
Who does neuroticism refer to?
Two supertraits
- measure of sociability
Extraversion (direction attention outwards to others in the environment)
Introversion (direct attention at inner experiences)
-measure of neuroticism- emotionally unstable individuals- unreasonable fears /impulsive
What group did Eysnck separate from neurotics? Why (who did he study) what did this group not experience?
Characteristics of this group?
Where is this population most abundant
After studying people with mental illness, Eysnck separated a group from neurotics who do not experience fear or anxiety
Psychopaths ( antisocial, unable to appreciate the consequences of their actions)
Psychopaths are mostly found in the prison population
PEN model - Psycotism, extraversion and neuroticism
What separates psychopaths from neurotics?
Severity of?
What do psychopaths display?
Traits?
Severity of psychoticism separates psychopaths from neurotic
Psychopaths display the most severe type of psychopathology insensitivity , hostile, strong need for ridicule
What did Eysnck develop to measure the PEN model?
What did he suggest there was a link between?
Eysnck personality questionnaire (Eysnck and Eysnck 1975) to measure the three supertraits and supporting traits
He suggested there was a link between clinical conditions of neurosis and psychosis and his scales of psycoticism and neuroticism- high scores on one of the scales suggests a predisposition, increasing risk of developing disorder.
Eysnck 1982
Why do people differ along a supertrait dimension?
Fraction? Factors?
What does the environment influence? What does biology limit?
2/3 of variance in personality are caused by genetic factors (Eysnck 1982)
Environment influences how traits are expressed but biology limits how much change occurs in the oersonality
Evidence for Eysncks personality types
Extroverts more likely to? (2)
Theorist ?
Where do introverts prefer to study
Theorists?
Amirkham et al 1995- extroverts more likely to attract and maintain networks of friends and approach others for help when in crisis
Campbell and hawley 1982- looked at study habits of introverts and extroverts introverts prefer to study in quiet areas
Disadvantage to Eysncks model
Are three factors adequate for the structure of personality, how many factors are necessary?
When the EPQ was translated, how many nations were the primary factors found in?
List?
24 nations including African, asain, North American and European cultures- both males and females
Aims?
Identify dimensions of?
What procedures did he was to identify? What would this lead to?
What integration is needed in studying personality?
Identify main dimensions of personality
Develop experimental and quantitative procedures = sound personality theory
An integration of theory development with empirical evidence and appreciating individual differences is needed in studying personality
What method does he mention?
What do specific responses make? This produces?
What structure do supertraits represent?
Specific responses make up habitual responses = personality traits
Collection of traits = continuum along which people can be placed
