tranlecture3 Flashcards
what is atropine
a muscarinic receptor antagonists directly inhibits the receptors.
tell me about atropine chemicly
tertiary amine
how does atropine work
competes with Ach at M1 M2 and M3
what are the effects of atropine
decreased secretions saliva, mydrisasis and cycloplegia, hyperthermia, tachycardia, sedation, urinary retention and constipation, and behavioral excitation and hallucinations completely counteracts peripheral vasodilation caused by choline esters but does affect blood pressure when given alone.
what plant does atroptin come from
atropa belladona
what are some clinical uses for atropine
antispamodic, antisecretoryu, aChE overdoes, antidiarrheal, opthalmology, prevents vagal reaction in some procedures,pericardiocentesis,.
How do you treat atropine intoxication
symptomatic, physostigmine.
what are the properties of Ipratropium
maily acts on M3 in brockhial SMC and glands when inhaled but overall nonselective is a quartermary amine
what are the effects of Ipratropium
decreaed bronchiconstiction and secretions for asthma and COPD
what are the properties of Benxtropine
tertiary amine good CNS absorption acts on muscarinic receptors in brain parasymphtehtic effector sites
what are the effects of benztropine
re establish dopamineri cholinegic balance in parkinsons disease
what are some ganglion blocking agents and are they common
hexamethonium and mecamylamine no most are no longer available because of toxicities
what are the two groups of neruomuscular blocking drugs antinicotinic Nm
nondepolarixing blockers, and depolarizing blockers
what is the structure of neuromuscular blocking drugs
similari to Ach
do neruomuscular blocking drugs work on the Cns
no because they are quartnerary amines
what are the neruomuscular blocking drugs used for
adjuncts during general anesthesia facilitate intubation
what is Tubocurarine
a prototype that prevents the opening of the channel when bound to recpetore comptete with Ach non depolarizing blocker
what is succinylcholine
depolarzing nueromuscular blocker, binding to Nmdepolariing and makes it persistant augmented by Ace inhibitors, and desisitized the blocker,
what are the clinical uses of succynicl choline
decreaed nerumuslca transmission during anethesia but diaphram responds last,
what are the side effects of succynicl choline
hypotension due to histamine release prevent with antihistamines, hyperkalemia potassium found in muscles, increaed gastric pressure can cause vomiting, muscle pain increased intraocular pressure.
what is the rate limiting step in catecholamine synthesis
tyrosine hydroxylase tyrosine to dopa
what is tyramine used for
accessory pathway to go from tyrosine or tyramine found in fermented cheeses can lead to norepinephrine
what drug will block tyrosine hydrolylase
metyrosine
what drug will block the storage of NE and epiniphrine and what can it treat
reserpine it can still treat hypertension but some sedative effects.
