TRANS (Part 1) Flashcards
(101 cards)
1
Q
General Characteristic of Family Mycoplasmataceae
A
- Lack cell wall or cell wall deficient (gram staining is not performed)
- Susceptible to antibiotics classified as cell wall inhibitors
- smallest living organism (0.2 to 0.3 um)
- Slow growers
- Facultative anaerobes
2
Q
Antibiotic classified as cell wall inhibitor
A
Beta Lactams
3
Q
Example of beta lactams
A
Penicillin and Cephalosphorin
4
Q
All mycoplasma spp. are slow growers EXCEPT
A
M. hominis (rapidly growing)
5
Q
All mycoplasma spp. are facultative anaerobe EXCEPT
A
M. pneumoniae (aerobic, highly fastidious)
6
Q
M. pneumoniae needs complex media that contains
A
Cholesterol and Fatty acid
7
Q
- Formerly referred to as Pleuropneumoniae like organism (PPLO) /Eaton agent
- First mycoplasma to be isolated
A
M. pneumoniae
8
Q
Agent of Primary Atypical Pneumonia/Walking Pneuomonia/Community acquired atypical pneumonia
A
M. pneumoniae
9
Q
The two genital mycoplasma that are fastidious and agent of Pelvic Inflammatory disease (PID)
A
M. hominis and M. urealyticum
10
Q
Causes NGU/Non-gonococcal urethritis
A
M. hominis and U. urealyticum
11
Q
Mycoplasma spp. (+) on SBA and Chocolate agar
A
M. hominis
12
Q
Applicable fluorescent stain for Mollicutes but not specific
A
Acridine orange
13
Q
Ideal culture media for M. pneumoniae and M. hominis
A
SPF Broth
14
Q
Solid media to recover M. hominis and Ureaplasma spp.
A
A8 Agar
15
Q
Previously called T-strain Mycoplasma
A
Ureaplasma urealyticum
16
Q
Agent of Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis
A
Anaplasma phagocytophilium / Ehrlichia phagocytophilium
17
Q
The vector of Anaplasma phagocytophilium / Ehrlichia phagocytophilium
A
Ixodes ticks
18
Q
Agent of Human Monocytic Ehrlichiosis
A
Ehrlichia chaffeensis
19
Q
The vector of Ehrlichia chaffeensis
A
Lone star ticks
20
Q
Initially a member of family Rickettsiaceae but since it is not arthropod borne, it is no longer part of this family; a potential bioterrorism agent
A
Coxiella burnetii
21
Q
Modes of transmission of C. burnetii
A
- Inhalation of dried birthing fluids of several animals
- Ingestions of unpasteurized milk
22
Q
Coxiella burnetii causes
A
Query Fever (Q fever)
23
Q
Rickettsial infections are detected using what sero test only
A
Weil felix (*but not specific since it has antigen from the genus Proteus)
24
Q
Cause Rickettsial pox
A
R. akari
25
Causes scrub typhus
Orientia tsutsugamushi
26
Agent of Epidemic typhus and Brill zinsser disease
R. prowazekii
27
Epidemic typhus requires what specific vector?
Louse borne
28
the repeat/relapse of epidemic typhus; no vector required
Brill Zinsser disease
29
Agent of Murine typhus
R. typhi
30
Rocky Mountain spotted fever
R. rickettsii
31
The organism that remains to be Chlamydia
Chlamydia trachomatis
32
Organisms that are prev. under Chlamydia but became Chlamydophila
Chlamydophila pneumoniae and Chlamydophila psittacci
33
General characteristic of Chlamydia/Chlamydophila
1. Obligate intracellular organisms, even though they can be cultivated they require cell or tissue culture
2. Sensitive to Sulfa drugs
3. Has 2 distinct form
34
Infectious form, has spore-like features because it is resistant to environmental physical stress *has outer membrane that contributes to its resistance
Elementary body
35
Most prominent component of that membrane is called
Major Outer Membrane Protein or MOMP.
36
non-infectious form but reproductive form
Reticulated body
37
Agent of Trachoma, LGV, and Reiter's syndrome
C. trachomatis
38
Chronic eye infection, number 1 cause of preventable blindness
Trachoma or TRIC (trachoma inclusion conjunctivitis)
39
Sexually transmitted disease (STD) and venereally acquired also known as LGV
Lymphogranuloma venereum
40
Reactive arthritis
Reiter’ syndrome
41
Has pear shaped elementary body
C. pneumoniae
42
Has round shape elementary body
C. trachomatis and C. psittacii
43
Regarded as the gold standard until the development of NAAT
Cell or Tissue culture
44
Example of Cell or tissue culture
McCoy cells, HeLa, Buffalo green monkey
45
Currently the gold standard for C. trachomatis
Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (NAAT)
46
- Respiratory pathogen
- Previously known as TWAR Strain – Taiwan Acute - Respiratory Strain
- gent of pneumonia
Chlamydophila pneumoniae
47
- Respiratory pathogen
- Parrot fever, ornithosis, Psittacosis *respiratory disease that can be acquired thru contact with infected birds or their droppings, same MOT with C. pneumoniae
Chlamydophila psittacii
48
* Gram negative organism
* Motile and provided with Axial filaments/Periplasmic flagella
* Corkscrew motility
* Cannot be visualized using brightfield microscope therefore, we use Darkfield microscope and silver stain
General characteristics of Spirochetes
49
Borrelia and Leptospira multiplies by
Binary fission
50
Treponemes multiplies by
Transverse fission
51
* The only genus under spirochetes that can be visualized using brightfield/lighy microscope
* Arthropod borne – acquired thru bites
* Blood spirochetes
* Loosely coiled
Genus Borrelia
52
The medium use for Genus borrelia
Kelly Medium
53
* Tightly coiled with 1 or both ends bent to form a hook
* Requires darkfield, phase contrast microscopes, immunofluorescent microscopy
Genus Leptospira
54
The medium used for Genus Leptospira
Fletcher's media
55
T/F: Genus Borrelia and Leptospira are culturable
TRUE
56
* Consisting of 4-14 coils/organism regularly space
* Agents of syphilis/great pox/French disease
Treponema pallidum
57
T/F: T. pallidum is non-culturable
TRUE
58
MOT of T. pallidum
- Sexual transmission
- Blood transfusion
- Vertical transmission (Mother to fetus)
59
The viability of T. pallidum can be maintained using
Testicular chancre of rabbit
60
Stage of syphilis where the patient develops lesion in the genitalia
Primary stage
61
Stage of syphilis presence of extragenital lesions (outside)
Secondary stage
62
Stage of syphilis where there's an absence of lesion/symptoms
Latent stage
63
Stage of syphilis where lesions develop in deep organs of the body
Tertiary stage
64
* Primary syphilitic lesions
* Develops during the 1st stage
Hard chancre/Hunterian chancre
65
* Secondary syphilitic lesions
* Develops during the 2nd stage
Condyloma latum
66
Seen on Latent stage of syphilis
Absence of symptoms
Blood test (+)
67
Tertiary syphilitic lesions
GUMMA's
68
* Agent of STD
* Venereal spirochetosis
Treponema cuniculi
69
Trench mouth/Vincent’s stomatitis
Treponema vincentii
70
Yaws – Frambesia
T. pallidum sp. pertenue
71
Pinta
T. pallidum sp. careteum
72
Bejel/Endemicum syphilis
T. pallidum sp. endemicum
73
MOT for T. pallidum sp. pertenue, T. pallidum sp. careteum, T. pallidum sp. endemicum
Direct contact with infected lesions
74
Diagnostic procedure Genus Borrelia
Sero test and Examination of Giemsa stained smears
75
* Vector for Borrelia burgdorferi
Ticks – ixodes spp.
(Deer ticks, Black legged ticks)
76
also known as tick borne relapsing fever; give the agent
Lyme disease; Borrelia burgdorferi
77
Stage of Lyme disease where the patient Develops bull’s eye rash (ECM) in the bite site
Stage 1
78
Stage of Lyme disease where the patient has dissemination of ECM to other parts of the body
Stage 2
79
Stage of Lyme disease where the patient developes Chronic arthritis and development neurologic abnormalities/symptoms
Stage 3
80
Vector of Borrelia recurrentis
Pediculus spp.
- P. humanus capitis (head louse)
- P. humanus corporis (body louse)
81
Agent that causes Louse borne relapsing fever
Borrelia recurrentis
82
Vector of Borrelia duttoni, Borrelia parkeri, Borrelia hermsii (other agents of tick borne relapsing fever)
Ornithodoros ticks/
Soft ticks
83
ECM (Erythema Chronicum Migrans)
Bull’s eye rash that may develop in Lyme Disease
84
Hallmark of immune phase of Leptospirosis
Aseptic meningitis
85
Serologic gold standard for Leptospirosis detection
Microscopic agglutination test
86
Causative agent of Leptospirosis (human and animal)
L. interrogans
87
Phase of leptospirosis where there's a septicemia (high fever and headache)
Anicteric phase
88
Phase of leptospirosis that is characterized by the involvement of liver and kidney
Icteric phase
89
specimen for 1st week for Leptospirosis
Blood and CSF
90
Specimen for 2nd week of Leptospirosis
Urine
91
The severe form of Leptospirosis
Weil's disease
92
Seldomly performed in the lab
Anaerobic culture
93
Equipment used to provide an anaerobic environment
GASPAK Jar
94
Component of GASPAK jar that ensures oxygen free environment
Palladium Catalyst
95
Indicators of GASPAK
Methylene blue or Resazurin (pink)
96
Color of GASPAK Jar in the absence of air
Colorless
97
Anaerobes that can emit foul odor
- C. difficile
- Fusobacterium
- Porphyromonas
98
* Produce brick red fluorescence under UV
* Produce black pigment
* Gram negative anaerobic bacilli
Porphyromonas and Prevotella
99
Red fluorescence that rapidly fades
Veilonella
100
Chartreuse fluorescence (Yellow)
Fusobacterium nucleatum
101
Anaerobic organisms with sulfur granules
- Actinomyces,
- Other Propionibacterium,
- Cutibacterium acnes
- Eubacterium nodatum
