Transcription 1 Flashcards Preview

BioChem 2 > Transcription 1 > Flashcards

Flashcards in Transcription 1 Deck (20)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

What is transcription

A

Process where RNA is made using DNA as a template

2
Q

What is required for RNA polymerization?

A

RNA Polymerase

3
Q

What direction does RNA polymerase synthesize?

A

DOES NOT NEED A PRIMER,5’ - 3’, anti-parallel fashion, using phosphodiester bonds

4
Q

What are the starting compounds that RNA polymerase utilizes?

A

ATP, GTP, CTP and UTP

5
Q

What are the three types of RNA?

A

mRNA, tRNA and rRNA

6
Q

What is mRNA?

A

Messenger RNA, carries message to be translated into protein

7
Q

What is tRNA?

A

Transfer RNA, carries amino acids to ribosomes for incorporation into protein

8
Q

What is rRNA?

A

Ribosomal RNA, the components of ribosomes

9
Q

How many polypeptide subunits does E. Coli have?

A

Five

10
Q

How many conserved sequences does E. Coli have?

A

Two - One at -10, relative to the transcription start site (TATAAT - Pribnow box), another at -35, relative to the transcription start site (TTGACA)

11
Q

TATAAT is called the what?

A

Pribnow box

12
Q

What makes a promoter more active at initiation transcription?

A

The more closely the sequence matches the consensus sequence of the -10 sequence

13
Q

What is the Sigma Factor?

A

A protein that binds to other proteins in RNA polymerase and help polymerase to bind to the promoter

14
Q

What happens with different Sigma Factors?

A

They can allow for the cell to turn on sets of genes with different sequences in the -10/-35 as needs arise

15
Q

What is the strand being copied known as?

A

The template strand

16
Q

How does the template strand run?

A

It will run 3’ - 5’ as it is complementary to the RNA being made.

17
Q

What is the strand of DNA not being copied called?

A

IT is called the coding strand, since it has the same sequence as the RNA, but replaces U with T.

18
Q

What controls transcription?

A

Promoters. The stronger RNA polymerase (prokaryotes) binds to the promoter, the more transcripts are made. The more transcripts, the promoter then is referred to as stronger.

19
Q

What is the transcription bubble?

A

DNA polymerase situates between strands of DNA duplex and forms the bubble.

20
Q

What does the bubble doe?

A

Moves down the DNA strand as the process of transcription occurs.