Transdermal

Question 1

Transdermal Delivery Systems are Designed to?

Support?

Answer 1

Support the passage of drug substances from the surface of the skin, through its various layers and into the systemic circulation

Question 2

What you need to know

4 things

Answer 2

Question 3

Two Types of Dermal Drug Delivery

How are these applied and what are thet for?

Answer 3

Question 4

Functions of the Skin

4 functions

Answer 4

Question 5

Structure of the skin draw it

how thick is each part?

Answer 5

Question 6

What is the structure of the epidermis

5 layers

Answer 6

Question 7

How thick is the stratum corneum? What are its features? What is it made up of?

Answer 7

Question 8

Epidermis

What are the 5 layers

What is the most important for barrier to chemical penetration?

What type of vasculature?

Turnover of the epidermis is how many days?

Where is the highest turnover?

How much moisture to remain soft and supple?

Answer 8

Question 9

Dermis

70% of it is made up of? What does this provide?

What is loosely arranged in all directions and provide the stretchyness to the skin

Contains cells that synthesize collagen, elastin and other connective tissued what is the cell?

Also contains three other cell types

What is increased here?

Answer 9

Question 10

Dermis

Contains a supply of? What 3 things

How do drugs diffuse through this area? 70% of it is?

The dermis contains what 3 things

What are the 4 cells in the dermis

Answer 10

Question 11

What is the subQ layer made of

Answer 11

Question 12

What are sebaceous glands associated with?

This gland is dep on?

Increase of activity in?

What are the 3 functions of sebum

Answer 12

Question 13

Eccrine gland what type of gland? What 2 types of stimulation does it respond to?

Apocrine gland known as what type of gland? Associated with? And doesnt appear until? What type of secretions? Development of? Largest number are found in?

Answer 13

Question 14

Melonocytes

Frequency when are they found?

Synthesis and distribution of? This is capable of?

Landerhans cells?

Answer 14

Question 15

Important aspects of the Stratum Corneum

• How thick?
• Blocks of? Embedded in?
• Shape of cells? These dont have a?
• Barrier in permeation of?
• Arranged?

Answer 15

Question 16

Composition of Human Strat corn

Chart

Answer 16

Question 17

Diffusivities of water through the stratum corneum and other membranes

What is the take away from this?

Answer 17

Question 18

Mechanism od drug absorption though the skin

Ficks First law of diffusion for drug transport accross the stratum corneum

Matching

steady-state flux across stratum corneum

thickness of the stratum corneum

partition coefficient of drug between skin and formulation

diffusion coefficient or diffusivity of drug molecules

drug concentration gradient across the stratum corneum

Answer 18

Question 19

Simple diffusion

Answer 19

Question 20

Absorption of drug is affected by 5 things?

Answer 20

Question 21

Pathways of Drug permeation through skin think of transport

Answer 21

Question 22

Transappendageal

What is the route of penetration here?

Answer 22

Question 23

Hair Folicles

Answer 23

Sebumand what not

Question 24

General rules for diffusion through skin

7 rules

Answer 24

Question 25

Factors Affecting Transdermal Bioavailability 6 Physiological and 6 formulation

Answer 25

Question 26

Site of permeation

Answer 26

Question 27

Normal vs. Acne

Answer 27

Question 28

Effect of water hydration

Answer 28

Question 29

SS Transdermal fluxes, permeability, and their physiochemical structure Look at the data and compare them

Answer 29

Question 30

Effects of Area

Answer 30

Question 31

Biotransformation of Xenobiotics into the Skin 8

Answer 31

Question 32

Topical Drug Delivery

Answer 32

Question 33

Classifications of Semisolids according to action of drug or base on skin.

Answer 33

Question 34

Types of Vehicles 6 types

Answer 34

Question 35

What Transdermal vehicles? 2 kinds and what are the subtypes

Answer 35

Question 36

WHat are the four types of ointments or creams?

Answer 36

Question 37

How do you describe an ointment? What are the ointment 4 types of ointment bases?

Answer 37

Question 38

What are creams? What are the two different types? Compared to ointments? Is it easy to spread? What type of lesions is it for?

Answer 38

Question 39

Gels \_\_\_\_\_ ____ network of inorganic molecules what two types? Washable in? How is the drug dispersed in these? The rate of drug release compared to ointments and creams? What are 3 examples of useful gels?

Answer 39

Question 40

Pastes Larger portion of _____ than ointment These are usually less _____ than ointment Doesnt get? This shouldnt be applied where? Washable in? Thing of Kris when he was putting sunscreen on.

Answer 40

Question 41

Vehicle Effects Hydrophobic products directly affect? * How is drug absorption enhanced? What is happening to the stratum corneum? * What types of substances are these? * What type of creams? Relatively hydrophilic substance (What do they cause between drug and the vehicle?) What are the 3 examples?

Answer 41

Question 42

Greasy Products (2 Examples) * Who are they preferred for? * What can they do to clothing? * Good for the drug that wants to do? Creams: Have what type of effect? What do gels provide? Think of release, what is it useful for? Lotions and creams are unstable to?

Answer 42

Question 43

Charts Go through or dont

Answer 43

Question 44

Chart

Answer 44

Question 45

Chart

Answer 45

Question 46

Charts

Answer 46

Question 47

What is the principle barrier for transdermal drug delivery? Permeability correlates with what properties of the drug? 3 things Transdermal systems are usefule for drugs that need ____ \_\_\_\_ and have high what?

Answer 47

Question 48

What are some benefits to using a transdermal drug system?

Answer 48

Question 49

8 products that are transdermal TEN NECs and?

Answer 49

Question 50

Properties of transdermal drugs WHich one has the lowest efficacous blood level and which one has the highesT?

Answer 50

Question 51

General rules for a transdermal patch 4 with their values and there is no requirement for?

Answer 51

Question 52

Advantages and Disadvantages of Transdermal 7 Pros 4 Cons

Answer 52

Question 53

Disadvantages of TDDS * You need a drug that can absorb properly and is ____ but it has to have a low? * What does the dose have to be? So what type of activity does it have to have? * The drugs have to have a? * What is possible at the site of application? * The time to reach steady state?

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