Transformations

Question 1

Logarithmic

Answer 1

SD’s are proportional to the means, SD increases with increasing size of the measurement. Variances are not equal. Data is positively skewed.

Question 2

Square root

Answer 2

data likely to conform to a non-normal distribution. Count (integer) data. Mean is positively correlated with the variance.

Question 3

Arcsine

Answer 3

Data are percentages or proportions. Data fit a binomial distribution.

Question 4

Reciprocal

Answer 4

SD is proportional to the square of the mean

Question 5

Squared

Answer 5

used when SD decreases as the mean increases