translation Flashcards
(19 cards)
Where does this change in language occur?
occurs in the ribosomes where enzymes and other
proteins that are part of the ribosome facilitate the
orderly linking of aas into a peptide chain
How do the nucleotides convey the information for
protein synthesis?
There are 4 different nucleotides but there are 20
different ass
-3 nucleotides/aa 43= 64 aas
The flow of information from gene to protein has been shown to be based on what
The triplet codon
each codon is composed of what
3 nucleotides symbolized by their bases
dictionary of genetic code
- redundant but not Ambiguous -must be read in the right sequence -said to be degenerate
why is genetic code degenerate
This 3rd base of the codon is essentially
“ignored”.
Tabacco plant expressing a firefly gene show what and ahy
The genetic code is
nearlyUniversal. firefly protein called
luciferase, can be made
by the tobacco plant and also mice
what are they stop and start codons
stop -> UAA, UAG, UGA start–>AUG(met)
Each ribosome is composed of what
2 subunits. Each ribosomal subinit is made in the nucleus and is composed of protein and RNA then transported to the cytosol
tranfser rna
used over and over agian in dna replication. 45 different trnas. they can recognize more than one codon because of their eobly parts
how does the wobbly party work
G(two lines)U–> wobble pair
stable–> three lines
whis is the The genetic code is degenerate
Wobble. This 3rd base of the codon is essentially
“ignored”
ribosome factors
- p site (pepitydl-trna binding site)
- e site (exit site)
- a site ( aminoacyl-trna binding site)
- mrna binding site
rRNA is the most abundant RNA in the cell
because why
the cell contains many ribosomes
• In the cytosol the small ribosomal subunit facilitate
the specific placement of what
the mRNA on the
ribosome. 5’cap helps that recognition.
2 subunits then facilitate the coupling of the
tRNA anticodons with mRNA codons during when
protein synthesis
whys is the fact that ribosomes are smaller and
slightly different in Prokaryotes than in Eukaryotes helpful
used to develop antibiotics
that perturb translation in Prokaryotes but not
in Eukaryotes
Elongation components
Captilize of peptide bond
Gets energy from gtp
A site to p site
Termination component
Stop codon -subunit messenger rn a
