Transplants

Question 1

hyperacute organ rejection by which HLA

Answer 1

IgG anti HLA Class I antibodies

Question 2

Complications of Transurethral Resection: TURP

Answer 2

Complications of Transurethral Resection: TURP

T ur syndrome
U rethral stricture/UTI
R etrograde ejaculation
P erforation of the prostate

Question 3

Complications of Transurethral Resection: TURP

Answer 3

Complications of Transurethral Resection: TURP

T ur syndrome
U rethral stricture/UTI
R etrograde ejaculation
P erforation of the prostate

Question 4

l” ndependent digestion from pancreas function

Answer 4

Folic Acid

Question 5

pulmonary embolus causes. which. pH abrmorality

Answer 5

Respiratory alkalosis

Question 6

Rx of
Hyperacute rejection
Acute rejection

Answer 6

Hyper : remove donor organ
Acute: corticosteroids

Question 7

Corticosteroid causes apoptosis or necrosis

Answer 7

Apoptosis

Question 8

whichorgan is most prone to hyperacute rejection

Answer 8

Kidney

Question 9

Hyperacute VS Acute Rejection way

Answer 9

Hyper by ABO incompatibility and HLA Class I incompatible
Acute by T cells

Question 10

Organ specific changesafter transplant

Answer 10

loss of acinar cells in pancreas transplants and
rapidly progressive coronary artery disease in cardiac transplants.

Question 11

myointimal proliferation leading to organ ischaemia in which type of rejection

Answer 11

Chronic

Question 12

Survival rate of cadavers vs monozygotic twins

Answer 12

Cadavers: 9 years
Mono: 25

Question 13

Corticosteroid function after transplants

Answer 13

1. Supression of macrophage activation
2. Reduction in lymphocyte proliferation
3. Apoptosis of lymphocyte
4. Reduction in expression of endothelial cell adhesion molecules

Question 14

Complication of renal transplant after few months

Answer 14

Renal Artery Stenosis

Question 15

induction agent in kidney transplantation,

Answer 15

Basiliximab

Question 16

CMV causes which type of rejection

Answer 16

Acute

Question 17

Recurrence of original renal disease

Answer 17

MCGN > IgA > FSGS

Question 18

importance of the HLA antigens are as follows

Answer 18

DR > B > A

Question 19

Most common post transplant infection

Answer 19

Cmv

Question 20

treatment of choice in transplant induced CMV infection

Answer 20

Intravenous ganciclovir

Question 21

Which HLA is most imp

Answer 21

DR

Question 22

Which drug shouldn’t be given post renal transplant

Answer 22

NSAID like Diclofenac

Question 23

Post transplant complications
CMV vs EBV

Answer 23

CMV: 4 weeks to 6 months post transplant
EBV: post transplant lymphoproliferative disease. > 6 months post transplant

Question 24

Vascular complication post transplant

Answer 24

Renal artery/vein thrombosis occurs very early
Renal artery stenosis: after several months

Question 25

immunosuppressive therapies have limited effectiveness in reversing which kind of rejection

Answer 25

chronic rejection

Question 26

Which organ is most susceptible to donor- recipient HLA mismatches?

Answer 26

Kidney

Question 27

If taking Tacrolimus what to avoid

Answer 27

Grapefruit juice,watercress and St.Johns Wort

Question 28

1st line agent as immunosuppressive agent

Answer 28

Tacrolimus

Question 29

Right sided live donor transplants then sudden loss of urine

Answer 29

Renal Artery stenosis

Question 30

hyperacute graft rejection by which

Answer 30

IgG

Question 31

commonest causes of anuria post transplant

Answer 31

Blocked catheter or hypovolemia

Question 32

in the first 5 weeks following transplantation with pain and swelling at the graft site.

Answer 32

Most likely ureteric obstruction or leakage

Question 33

Rx of lymphocole

Answer 33

Creation of a laparoscopic or open peritoneal window is a favored treatment.

Question 34

Rx of ureteric leaks

Answer 34

Surgical re-implantation of the ureter for large leaks and Stent insertion and nephrostomy placement for smaller leaks.

Question 35

Occurs within minutes of clamp release

Answer 35

Hyperacute rejection

Question 36

Pre-sensitisation of the donor causes which kind of injury

Answer 36

Accelerated acute

Question 37

Histology of acute vs Chronic rejection

Answer 37

Acute: cellular infiltrates and graft cell apoptosis Chronic: graft atrophy and atherosclerosis are seen. Fibrosis often occurs as a late event

Question 38

Anti-proliferative agents example

Answer 38

Mycophenolate mofetil or azathioprine.

Question 39

Side effects of Azathioprine

Answer 39

myelosupression, alopecia and nausea

Question 40

Side effects of tacrolimus

Answer 40

high incidence of impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes less hypertension and hyperlipidaemia