Transport Process in Plants

Question 1

The process of transporting water, minerals and food to all parts of the plant body.

Answer 1

Transportation

Question 2

The uptake and loss of water and solutes by ___________

Answer 2

Individual Cells

Question 3

Distance transport of substances from cell to cell at the level of tissue or organs.

Answer 3

Short Transport

Question 4

Distance transport of within Xylem and Phloem at the level of the whole plant.

Answer 4

Long Transport

Question 5

2 Means of Transport

Answer 5

Passive and Active Transport

Question 6

Transport without input of energy, involves the movement of molecules and no amount of energy is required

Answer 6

Passive Transport

Question 7

Transport with the use of energy, this transport involves the movement of molecules from lower concentration to higher concentration with the use of energy.

Answer 7

Active Transport

Question 8

Types of Passive Transport

Answer 8

1. Simple Diffusion
2. Osmosis
3. Facilitated Diffusion

Question 9

The movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

Answer 9

Simple Diffusion

Question 10

Simple Diffusion is a ____ process and occurs most likely in _______________

Answer 10

slow, liquid and gases

Question 11

Transport gasses (lenticel) is a very important process for photosynthesis where carbon dioxide from the stomate diffuses into the leaves and finally into the cells.

Answer 11

Diffusion

Question 12

Rate of Diffusion depends on?

Answer 12

Concentration
Pressure
Temperature (High Temperature, High diffusion)
Permeability

Question 13

Movement of water molecules from a piece from a place of higher concentration to a place of lower concentration to create a stable and equal cellular environment.

Answer 13

Osmosis

Question 14

3 types of osmosis

Answer 14

Isotonic
Hypertonic
Hypotonic

Question 15

It is a balanced environment where it does not result in any net movement of water in or out of the cell. However a plant cell may become flaccid (soft, drooping or inelastic).

Answer 15

Isotonic

Question 16

More salts in the inside, when there is an excessive amount of water inside, the cell wall will burst.

Answer 16

Hypotonic

Question 17

The bursting of plasma membrane

Answer 17

Plasmolysis

Question 18

More salts outside (the cell will shrink). It implies that the external solution has a higher solute concentration than the internal cytoplasm of the plant cell.

Answer 18

Hypertonic

Question 19

A special type of diffusion which includes the absorption of water by solid, called colloids, resulting in enormous increase in volume.

Answer 19

Imbibition

Question 20

It is utilized by molecules that are unable to freely cross the phospholipid bilayer.

Answer 20

Facilitated Diffusion

Question 21

Types of Facilitated Diffusion

Answer 21

Channel Proteins
Carrier Proteins

Question 22

Proteins that acts like a pore in the membrane that lets H2O molecules or small ions through quickly

Answer 22

Channel Proteins

Question 23

Specific for an ion molecule, or group of substance, carry ions/molecules across the membrane by changing shape after binding of the ions/molecules

Answer 23

Carrier Proteins

Question 24

Types of Active Transport

Answer 24

Chemiosmosis and Charge Gradient

Question 25

When ions move by diffusion across a semi-permeable membrane, such as the membrane inside mitochondria

Answer 25

Chemiosmosis

Question 26

Uses the attractive-repulsive porperties of ions to move other ions accross membranes.

Answer 26

Charge Gradient

Question 27

Water and solutes move through xylem and phloem by bulk flow, the movement of a fluid driven by pressure.

Answer 27

Long Distance Transport

Question 28

Routes of Water Transport

Answer 28

Transmembrane Route Symplastic Route Apoplastic Route

Question 29

Membrane to Membrane. export of material from one cell into the intercellular space followed by import of same substance by an adjacent cell.

Answer 29

Transmembrane Route

Question 30

Cytosol to Cytosol, movement of substance from the cytosol of one cell to an adjacent cytosol of another cell.

Answer 30

Symplastic Route

Question 31

Cell wall to cell wall, short distance, in plants it involves the movement of water and solutes through the cell walls and intercellular spaces, bypassing the cell membranes.

Answer 31

Apoplastic Route

Question 32

Translocation

Answer 32

Transport of sugars into phloem by pressure flow

Question 33

A very large enzyme catalyzing the first step of the mitochondrial electron transport chain. The enzyme oxidizes NADH transferring electrons.

Answer 33

Complex I (NADH – Q Reductase Complex)

Question 34

A multi-subunit structure that functions to accept electrons from ubiquinol and transfer them onto another electron carrier

Answer 34

Complex III (Cytochrome C Reductase Complex)

Question 35

A water soluble electron transport protein that is loosely associated with the mitochondrial inner membrane. It contains a heme iron metal center that is essential to its function in the ETC.

Answer 35

Cytochrome C

Question 36

It catalyzes the final step in the mitochondrial electron transport chain and is one of the key regulators of oxidative phosphorylation.

Answer 36

Complex IV (Cytochrome C Oxidase Complex)

Question 37

1st step of ETC

Answer 37

STEP 1: Generating a Proton Motive Force

Question 38

2nd step of ETC

Answer 38

STEP 2: ATP Synthesis Via Chemiosmosis

Question 39

3rd step of ETC

Answer 39

STEP 3: Reduction of Energy

Question 40

Products of ETC

Answer 40

Water and 34 ATP

Question 41

Types of Anaerobic Cellular Resperation

Answer 41

Lactic Acid and Alcohol Fermentation

Question 42

In plants is a process where pyruvate is converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide in the absence of oxygen, serving as a form of anaerobic energy production.

Answer 42

Alcohol Fermentation

Question 43

In plants is a process where pyruvate is converted into lactic acid in the absence of oxygen, helping plants generate energy during anaerobic conditions

Answer 43

Lactic Acid Fermentation

Question 44

Accumulation of H+ ions within the intermembrane spaces creates an electrochemical gradient called ___________

Answer 44

Proton motive force