Transportation Issues Flashcards
What are the Most frequently documented outbrake on cruiseship?
Respiratory: influenza, legionelosis
GI: norovirus
Vaccine preventable illness; rubella and varicella
Most common health problems reported on cruise ship?
- 19-29% respiratory
- 9% are GI
12-18% injuries requiring medical visites
Death related to cardiac
What prevention messure for norovirus?
Frequent had washing
Norovurus very infectious because Low infective dose Prolong shedding Person to person No long-term immunity
GI illness outbreaks associated to food & water?
Salmonella Enterotoxigenic escherichias coli Shigella Vibrio Staph aureus Clostridium perfringens Cyclospora HE Teichinella
Respiratory illness on cruiseship?
Influenza A and B: traveller at high risk of complication should receive 2 weeks prior travel
Legionellosis: severe pneumonia caused by inhalation of aerosolized water containing Legionella
Sx onset 2-10 days after exposure
65 and older pr those with underline med condition are at increase risk
Source: spa or contaminated water supply system
Diagnosis: legionella urine antigen testing
Collect respiratory secretion
Treatment: prompt antibiotic
20-25% cases are travel related
What are the common concerna during a flight?
Exacerbation of chronic illness
Thromboembolic
Communicable diseases
Spraying plain with insecticides
If you need supplemental in-flight oxygen?
Notify the airline 72 hrs in advance
Obtain info regarding screening pt respiratory equipment
Airline may not offer supplemental oxygen
Traveler must arrange supply
What is barotrauma?
Pressure inside air-filled, enclosed body space is not the same ad sir pressure inside the air raft
Happen during ascent or descent
Affect middle ear
How to prevent barotrauma?
- avoid flying
- pseudoephedrine 30 min before flight
- allergy med
- hydration
- avoid carbonated beverage
Describe ventilation in aircrafts?
Recirculate 10-50% with outside air
Passes through filsers 20 tmes and more
New aircraft have hepa filters to capture 99.9% of bacteria, fungi, large virus
Common inflight medical events?
Vasovagal GI Respiratory Cardiac. (2/3 of the cause) Neurological
Tuberculosis on airflight. Notes
Cd. Recommend screening for flights more than 8 hrs if a person is positive with sputum
Antimicrobial prophylaxis should be considered when?
Household member travelling with ill traveller
Travel companion with very close contact
Setted next to ill passenger for 8 or more
What is the infectious period of someone with measles on a air craft?
Infectious 4 days before rash onset through 4 days after rash onset
Mmr vaccine given within 72 hrs of exposure or immuniglobulin within 6 days may prevent measles or minimize severity
