Trauma

Question 1

Cushing’s Phenomenon

Answer 1

Signs: hypertension, bradycardia, irregular respirations, central neurogenic hyperventilation and Biot (Cheyne-Stokes) respirations

Caused by significant head trauma aka herniation syndrome

ICP increases forcing brain stem and mid brain through the foramen magnum

Question 2

Signs of Opioid Overdose

Answer 2

Respiratory depression

Question 3

Signs of Sleeping Pill Overdose

Answer 3

Unconsciousness, compromised breathing

Question 4

How would a beta-blocker overdose likely present?

Answer 4

Acute onset altered mental status
Hypotension
Normal respirations and tidal volume

Question 5

What do beta blockers do?

Answer 5

targets beta receptors on the heart and peripheral vessels which slow the heart beat and lower blood pressure

Question 6

Upper GI Bleeding

Answer 6

coffee ground emesis (blood mixed with stomach acid)

Question 7

Lower GI Bleeding

Answer 7

usually results in maroon or bright red colored stool

Question 8

Signs of Hypoglycemia

Answer 8

“fight or flight response”

nausea, tachycardia,diaphoresis, gitteriness and potentially tonic clonic seizures

Question 9

Diabetic Ketoacidosis

Answer 9

hyperglycemic state

abdominal pain, tachypnea, fruity breath

Question 10

Meth Ingestion

Answer 10

dilated pupils, tachycardia, agitation

Question 11

Anticholinergic Toxicity

Answer 11

dilated pupils, flushing, elevated temperature, nausea, bradycardia, hypotension

Question 12

Opioid Withdrawl

Answer 12

yawning, restlessness, tremor

Question 13

Meconium during delivery

Answer 13

baby may need resuscitation

Question 14

hemothorax

Answer 14

blood in the pleural cavity 
reduced or absent breath sounds
reduced movement of chest wall 
tachycardia
diaphoretic skin

Question 15

cardiac tamponade

Answer 15

JVD 
weak or absent peripheral pulses
tachycardia
narrow pulse pressure 
DO NOT USE PPV

Question 16

narrow pulse pressure

Answer 16

falling systolic, rising diastolic

ex. common sign of cardiac tamponade

Question 17

myocardial contusion

Answer 17

symptoms mimic an MI
Pain in the front of the ribs or breastbone
Feeling that your heart is racing
Lightheadedness
Nausea or vomiting
Shortness of breath
Weakness

Question 18

flail chest

Answer 18

paradoxical motion of chest upon breathing (inward on inspiration)
respiratory distress
tachypnea
shallow breathing

Question 19

pericardial effusion

Answer 19

accumulation of fluid in the pericardial space causes compression on the heart and in an acute setting leads to cardiac tamponade

Question 20

neurogenic shock

Answer 20

sudden loss of sympathetic nervous system signals
hypotension
bradycardia

Question 21

What position can improve bp?

Answer 21

supine

Question 22

If a laceration is long you should apply______

Answer 22

a tourniquet

Question 23

How to stop a nose bleed?

Answer 23

pinch the base of the nose and have the patient lean forward

Question 24

You observe a deep, open wound with avulsed tissue. You should_____________

Answer 24

move the avulsed tissue back into place, apply direct pressure and bandage after bleeding stops

Question 25

ABCs

Answer 25

airway
breathing
circulation

Question 26

Kussmal Breathing

Answer 26

Rapid, deep and labored
neurogenic shock
DKA
renal failure

Question 27

biots

Answer 27

shallow to normal respirations with apnea

seen with strokes, brain bleeds, opiod use

Question 28

ataxic

Answer 28

irregular and disordered. completely unorganized with periods of apnea. steady decline.

Question 29

what is the opposite of what someone in shock is experiencing?

Answer 29

cushing’s triad

Question 30

Becks Triad

Answer 30

sign of a cardiac tamponade

distended neck veins
low arterial bp
muffled heart sounds

Question 31

what are the three components of the gcs?

Answer 31

eyes (4), verbal(5), motor(6)

best 15, lowest 3