Trauma, Burn, Infection

Question 1

Lethal triad/ Bloody Vicious cycle

Answer 1

Acidosis
Coagulopathy
Hypothermia

Question 2

Preferred diagnostic test in the diagnosis of cardiac tamponade

Answer 2

Echocardiography

Question 3

Most common indication for intubation

Answer 3

Altered mental status

GCS <8

Question 4

Surgical airway of choice in patients with laryngeal fractures

Answer 4

Tracheostomy

Question 5

Immediate management for tension pneumothorax

Answer 5

Needle thoracostomy

2nd ICS LMCL

Question 6

Definitive management for tension pneumothorax

Answer 6

CTT insertion

4-5th ICS MAL

Question 7

Contraindication to ED thoracotomy is a penetrating trauma with CPR of how many minutes?

Answer 7

> 15 mins and no signs of life

Question 8

Contraindication to ED thoracotomy is a blunt trauma with CPR of how many minutes?

Answer 8

> 10 mins

Question 9

Lower limit of pleura/lung reflection in the MCL

Answer 9

Lung 6th rib

Pleura 8th rib

Question 10

Lower limit of pleura/lung reflection in the MAL

Answer 10

Lung 8th rib

Pleura 10th rib

Question 11

Respiratory distress, hypotension
Tracheal deviation AWAY from affected side
Decreased breath sounds, subcutaneous emphysema

Answer 11

Tension pneumothorax

Question 12

Occurs when 3 or more contiguous ribs are fractured in at least 2 locations

Answer 12

Flail chest

Question 13

Treatment for flail chest

Answer 13

Mechanical ventilation

Question 14

Trauma with hypotension have approximately lost how much blood volume?

Answer 14

30-40%

Question 15

Bones that may be used in Intraosseus infusion

Answer 15

Proximal tibia

Distal femur

Question 16

> 1500ml or 25% of blood volume in the pleural space

Answer 16

Massive hemothorax

Question 17

Occurs most commonly after penetrating thoracic injuries

<100 pericardial blood

Answer 17

Cardiac tamponade

Question 18

Diagnosis of cardiac tamponade is achieved by

Answer 18

Ultrasound of the pericardium

Question 19

Most reliable indicator of organ perfusion during resuscitation

Answer 19

Urine output

Question 20

Most common cause of cardiogenic shock/cardiac failure in trauma patients

Answer 20

Tension pneumothorax

Question 21

Prior to catheterization of patients at risk for urethral injury, what test should be done first?

Answer 21

Urethrogram

Question 22

Contraindications to urethral catheterization

Answer 22

Blood at meatus
Scrotal or perineal hematoma
High riding prostate

Question 23

Gold standard for diagnosis of presence of intra abdominal injury

Answer 23

DPL

Question 24

(+) FAST is how much blood volume

Answer 24

250ml

Question 25

Quincke triad in hemobilia

Answer 25

RUQ pain UGIB jaundice

Question 26

Most commonly injured part of the diaphragm

Answer 26

Left

Question 27

Pringle maneuver is used to control bleeding from what organ

Answer 27

Liver

Question 28

Most sensitive CXR finding suggesting tear of the aorta

Answer 28

Widened mediastinum

Question 29

Single most important factor predicting burn related mortality

Answer 29

Burn size

Question 30

Burns that extend to the reticular layer of the dermis

Answer 30

2nd degree

Question 31

Recommended fluid resuscitation solution for burns

Answer 31

PLR

Question 32

Parkland formula

Answer 32

4 x kg x % TBSA

Question 33

Referral to burn center includes burns that cover how many percent TBSA?

Answer 33

>10%

Question 34

Management of patients with significant intra oral/ pharyngeal burns

Answer 34

ET intubation

Question 35

Predominant organism in fatal burn infections

Answer 35

Pseudomonas

Question 36

Antidote for hydrofluoric acid burn

Answer 36

Calcium

Question 37

Most common malignancy from Marjolin ulcer

Answer 37

Squamous cell CA

Question 38

Acrodermatitis enteropthica is due to what deficiency?

Answer 38

Zinc

Question 39

Prophylactic antibiotic before surgery is usually

Answer 39

Cefazolin

Question 40

Wound class: Uninfected operative wound with no inflammation Closed primarily

Answer 40

Class 1 | Clean

Question 41

Wound class: | Operative wound where alimentary, respiratory, urinary or genital tracts are entered under controlled conditions

Answer 41

Class 2 | Clean -contaminated

Question 42

Wound class: | Open, fresh and accidental wounds

Answer 42

Class 3 | Contaminated

Question 43

Wound class: | Major breaks in sterile technique or gross spillage from GIT

Answer 43

Class 3 | Contaminated

Question 44

Wound class: Old traumatic wounds with retained devitalized tissue Clinical infection or perforated viscera

Answer 44

Class 4 | Dirty

Question 45

Major cell responsible for wound contraction

Answer 45

Myofibroblast

Question 46

Layer of GIT with greatest tensile strength and suture holding capacity

Answer 46

Submucosa

Question 47

Pressure ulcer stage where there is partial thickness skin loss

Answer 47

Stage 2

Question 48

Organism implicated in human bite wounds

Answer 48

Eikenella corrodens

Question 49

A lethal and rapidly progressive soft tissue infection caused by microaerophilic streptococcus

Answer 49

Meleney synergistic gangrene

Question 50

Polymicrobial gangrene | Involves genitalia, perineum ir abdominal wall

Answer 50

Fournier gangrene

Question 51

Most common complication after placing a central venous line

Answer 51

Arrhythmia

Question 52

Most dreaded complication of placing a Swanz Ganz catheter

Answer 52

Pulmonary artery rupture

Question 53

Gold standard for diagnosis of pulmonary embolism

Answer 53

Pulmonary angiogram

Question 54

Mainstay of treatment for severe necrotizing soft tissue infection

Answer 54

Wide debridement

Question 55

Most common arrhythmia seen in laparoscopic procedures

Answer 55

Bradycardia