TREATMENT MODALITIES FOR MENTALLY ILL PATIENTS

Question 1

Is usually the foundation for a successful treatment approach that can be use in combination with other approaches such as psychotherapy,etc..

Answer 1

PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY

Question 2

Most treatment for mental health disorderss are categorized into:

Answer 2

PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
SOMATIC
PSYCHOTHERAPY

Question 3

Includes psychotherapy, behavior therapy techniques and hynotherapy.

Answer 3

PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC TREATMENTS

Question 4

Includes drugs, ECT, and other therapies that stimulates the transceanial magnetic stimulation and vagus nerve.

Answer 4

SOMATIC TREATMENT

Question 5

Is the study of drug effects in clients and the expert use of drugs in the treatment of psychiatric conditions.

Answer 5

CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY

Question 6

Is a small organic molecule or peptide that participates in neural activity

Answer 6

NEUROCHEMICALS

Question 7

Are chemical molecules that carry messages or signals from one nerve call to the next.

Answer 7

NEUROTRANSMITTER

Question 8

Neurotransmitters can either be?

Answer 8

EXCITATORY OR INHIBITORY

Question 9

Classifications of psychoactive or psychotherapeutic drugs?

Answer 9

ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS/NEUROLEPTICS
ANTIMANIC
ANTIANXIETY & HYPNOTICS
ANTICONVULSANTS
ANTIDEPRESSANTS
ANTIPARKINSONISM OR ANTICHOLINERGIC
STIMULANTS

Question 10

Is a procedure in which precise x-ray beams takes cross sectional images layer by layer?

Answer 10

COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY

Question 11

A type of body scan an energy field is created woth huge magnet and radio waves. The energy field is converted to a visual image or scan. Produces more tissue details and contrast than CT Scan.

Answer 11

MRI

Question 12

Neurotransmitter that may result in neurotoxicity if levels are too high

Answer 12

GLUTAMATE

Question 13

Controls sleep and wakefulness cycle, signal muscles to become alert

Answer 13

ACETYLCHOLINE

Question 14

Enhance, prolong, or inhibit or limit the effects of principal neurotransmitters

Answer 14

NEUROPEPTIDES

Question 15

Controls alertness, gastric secretions, cardiac stimulation, peripheral allerguc reactions?

Answer 15

HISTAMINE

Question 16

Controls food intake and wakefulness, temperature regulation, pain control, sexual behaviors, regulation of emotion

Answer 16

SEROTONIN

Question 17

Controls fight or flight response.

Answer 17

EPINEPHRINE

Question 18

Causes chabges in attention, learning, and memory, sleep and wakefulness, mood

Answer 18

NOREPINEPHRINE

Question 19

Controls comples movements, cognition, regulates emotional response.

Answer 19

DOPAMINE

Question 20

Treats psychosis

Answer 20

ANTI PSYCHOTICS

Question 21

Treat depression

Answer 21

ANTIDEPRESSANTS

Question 22

Stabilize mood

Answer 22

MOOD STABILIZERS

Question 23

Anti anxiety?

Answer 23

ANXIOLYTICS

Question 24

A drug thay speeds up messages travelling between the brain and body?

Answer 24

STIMULANTS

Question 25

Refers to a maximal therapeutic effect that a drug can achieve.

Answer 25

EFFICACY

Question 26

Describez the amount of drug needed to achieve the maximum effect.

Answer 26

POTENCY

Question 27

Is the time it takes for half of the drug to be removed from ythe bloodstream

Answer 27

HALF LIFE

Question 28

Tricyclic antidepressants can take how many weeks before the patient can experience optimal therapeutic benefit?

Answer 28

4-6 WEEKS

Question 29

Older adults require low or high dosage of meds that younger patients to experience therapeutic effect?

Answer 29

LOWER DOSAGE

Question 30

What do you call it when medication are decreased gradually rather than abruptly?

Answer 30

TAPERING

Question 31

Why do we do tapering of the medication or dosage?

Answer 31

BECAUSE OF POTENTIAL PROBLEMS WITH REBOUND( TEMPORARY RETURN OF SYMPTOMS) RECURRENCE(OF THE ORIGINAL SX) WITHDRAWAL (NEW SX RESULTING FROM DISCONT OF THE DRUG

Question 32

Formerly known as neuroleptics

Answer 32

ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS

Question 33

Mechanism of action of antilsychotic meds?

Answer 33

Block receptors for the neurotransmitter dopamine

Question 34

Antipsychotic drugs classification

Answer 34

CONVETIONAL OR FIRST GENERATION ANTIPSYCHOTIC ATYPICAL OR SECOND GENERATION ANTIPSYCHOTICS THIRD GENERATION ANTIPSYCHOTICS

Question 35

Are potent antagonist blockers and are effective in treating target symptoms but produces many EPS effects

Answer 35

CONVENTIONAL/ FIRST GEN ANTIPSYCHOTICS

Question 36

Examples of first gen antipsychotics?

Answer 36

HALOPERIDOL(HALDOL) CHLORPROMAZINE(THORAZINE)

Question 37

Examples of 2nd gen or atypical antilpsychotic?

Answer 37

CLOZAPINE RISPERIDONE OLANZAPINE QUETIAPINE

Question 38

Are effective in treating the depressive aspects of schizo?

Answer 38

SSRIs (under atypical or 2nd gen)

Question 39

They enhance or preserve dopaminergic transmission when it is too low and reduce it when it is too high

Answer 39

DOPAMINE SYSTEM STABILIZERS( THIRD GEN ANTI PSYCHOTIC)

Question 40

Examples of third gen drug anti psychotic

Answer 40

ARIPIPRAZOLE BREXPIPRAZOLE

Question 41

Common side effects of 3rd gen anti psych?

Answer 41

SEDATION WEIGHT GAIN AKATHISIA HEADACHE ANXIETY NAUSEA

Question 42

A time release form of intramuscular medication for maintenance therapy

Answer 42

DEPOT INJECTION

Question 43

After latients condition is stabilized with oral doses of these medication, administration by depot injection is required every 2-4 weeks to maintain therapeutic effects

Answer 43

DECANOATE FLUPHENAZINE(7-28 DAYS) OILY FORM-IM DECANOATE HALOPERIDOL( DURATION OF 4 WKS)

Question 44

Other band in depot form: Risperidone 25 mg given every? Olanzapine pamoate 210 mg every? Or 405 mg every?

Answer 44

2 WKS 2 WKS 4 WKS

Question 46

Includes acute muscualr rigidity and cramping, a stiff or thick tongue with difficulty swallowing. In severe cases, laryngospasm and respiratory difficulties

Answer 46

ACUTE DYSTONIA

Question 47

Likely to occur in the 1st wk of tx. In patients younger than 40 yrs, in males and those receiving high potency drugs such as haloperidol

Answer 47

ACUTE DYSTONIA

Question 48

Other sx of acute dystonia:

Answer 48

TORTICOLLIS OPISTHOTONOUS OCULOGYRIC CRISIS ACUTE DYSTONIC REACTION

Question 49

Twisted head and neck due to spasm or stiffness in the muscle group

Answer 49

TORTICOLLIS

Question 50

Eyes rolled back in a locked position

Answer 50

OCULOGYRIC CRISIS

Question 51

Tightness in the entire body with the head, back, and arched neck

Answer 51

OPISTHOTONOUS

Question 52

Can be painful and frightening to the patient

Answer 52

ACUTE DYSTONIC REACTION

Question 53

Treatment for Acute Dystonia

Answer 53

ANTICHOLINERGIC DRUGS( BENZTROPINE MESYLATE-COGENTIN IM/ORAL) DIPHENHYDRAMINE(BENADRYL IM/IV)

Question 54

Sx resembles those of parkinson disease. Stiff stooped posture, mask like facies, decreased arm swing, shuffling, festinating gait, cogwheel rigidity, drooling, tremor, bradycardia and coarse pill rolling of the thumb and fingers while at rest.

Answer 54

PSEUDOPARKINSONISM

Question 55

How is parkinsonism treated?

Answer 55

By changing to an antipsychotic medication that has lower incidence of EPS or by adding an oral anticholinergic agent

Question 57

An intense need to move about, patient appears restless, or anxious or agitated, often with rigid posture or gait or lack of spontaneous gestures

Answer 57

AKATHISIA

Question 58

Treatment for akathisia?

Answer 58

Change the antipsychotic med or by addition of an oral agent such as beta blocker, anticholinergic, benzodiazepine

Question 59

Is a potentially fatal idiosyncratic reaction to an anti psychotic drug

Answer 59

NEUROLEPTIC MALIGNANT SYNDROME

Question 61

A syndrome of inappropriate involuntary movements, is most commonly caused by long term use of conventional antipsychotic drug. Sx include involuntary movements of the tongue, facial and neck muscles, upper and lower extremities and truncal musculature

Answer 61

TARDIVE DYSKINESIA

Question 62

Characteristic of tardive dyskinesia

Answer 62

Tongue thrusting and protruding Lip smacking Blinking and grimacing

Question 63

1st drugs to treat tardive dyskinesia

Answer 63

VALBENAZINE DEUTETRABENAZINE

Question 64

Anticholinergic side effects

Answer 64

ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION DRY MOUTH CONSTIPATION URINARY HESITANCE OR RETENTION BLURRED NEAR VISION DRY EYES PHOTOPHOBIA NASAL CONGESTION DECREASED MEMORY

Question 65

Prodices fewer traditional side effects than do most antipsychotic drugs but it has fatal side effect of agranulocytosis

Answer 65

CLOZAPINE

Question 66

Severe low level of white blood cells called neutrophils

Answer 66

AGRANULOCYTOSIS

Question 67

Why do patient should take or drink sugar free hard candy?

Answer 67

To ease dry mouth

Question 68

Stool softeners are allowed for patients but not laxatives. Why?

Answer 68

They interfere with the absorption of medication

Question 69

What if the latient forgot a dose of antipsychotic medication? He or she can take the missed dose if it is only?

Answer 69

3 OR 4 HOURS LATE . IF MORE THAN 4 HRS OVERDUE, PT CAN OMIT THE DOSE

Question 70

Are primary used in the tx of major depressive illness, anxiety disorders, depressed phase of bipolar disorder and psychotic depression?

Answer 70

ANTIDEPRESSANTS DRUG

Question 71

Antidepressant drug interacts with?

Answer 71

NORE AND SERO

Question 72

What are the four groups of antidepressants?

Answer 72

●TRICYCLIC AND THE RELATED CYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANTS ●SSRIs ●MAOIs ●OTHER ANTIDEP SUCH AS DESVENLAFAXINE, VANLAFAXINE, DULOXETINE,NEFAZODONE

Question 73

Cause varying degrees of sedation, orthostatic hypotension, and anticholinergic side effects

Answer 73

CYCLIC ANTIDEP

Question 74

Were discovered to have a positive effect on depression. May have a low incidence of sedation and anticholinergic effects but must use with extreme caution for several reasons.

Answer 74

MAOIs

Question 75

Life threatening side effects of taking MAOIs

Answer 75

HYPERTENSIVE CRISIS

Question 76

Potentially lethal in overdose and pose a potential risk in clients with depression who maybe considering suicide

Answer 76

MAOIs

Question 77

Preferred drugs for clients at high risk for suicide

Answer 77

SSRIs

Question 78

Are often better choices for those who are potentially suicidal because they carry no risk or lethal overdose, however SSRIs are effective only for mild and moderate depression.

Answer 78

SSRIs VENLAFAXINE NEFAZODONE BUPROPION

Question 79

Side effects of SSRIs

Answer 79

ANXIETY AGITATION AKATHISIA NAUSEA SEXUAL DYSFUNTION INSOMNIA DIEARRHEA HEADACHE

Question 80

Side effects of cyclic antidepressants

Answer 80

DRY MOUTH CONSTIPATION URINARY HESITANCY OR RETENTION DRY NASAL PASSAGES BLURRED NEAR VISION ORTHO HYPO SEDATION WEIGHT GAIN TACHYCARDIA

Question 81

Side effects of MAOIs

Answer 81

DAYTIME SEDATION INSOMNIA WEIGHT GAIN DRY MOUTH ORTHO HYLO SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION

Question 82

An uncommon but potentially serious drug interaction which results from taking MAOIs and SSRIs at the same time

Answer 82

SEROTONIN SYNDROME

Question 83

Sx of serotonin syndrome

Answer 83

AGITATION SWEATING FEVER TACHYCARDIA HYPOTENSION RIGIDITY HYPERREFLEXA COMA DEATH IN EXTREME REACTION

Question 84

When to take SSRIs

Answer 84

1st thing in the morning unless sedation is a problem

Question 85

If the dose of SSRIs was forgotten the client can take the next dose after how many hours of the missed?

Answer 85

8 HOURS

Question 86

If the client taking cyclic forgot the dose , he/she can take the next dose within how many hrs of the missed dose?

Answer 86

3 HOURS OR OMIT THE DOSE FOR THAT DAY

Question 87

Are used to treat bipolar disorder by stabilizing the client's mood, preventing or minimizing the highs and lows that characterize bipolar illnesses and treating acute episodes of mania

Answer 87

MOOD STABILIZING DRUGS

Question 88

Is the most established mood stabilizer

Answer 88

LITHIUM

Question 89

Anticonvulsants used as mood stabilizers which are also effective

Answer 89

CARBAMEZEPINE(TEGRETOL) VALPROIC ACID(DEPAKOTE)

Question 91

Other anticonvulsants as mood stabilizers:

Answer 91

GABAPENTINE TOPIRAMATE OXCARBAZEPINE LAMOTRIGINE CLONAZEPAM

Question 92

The normal serum lithium level on the blood

Answer 92

0.5 mEq/L to 1.5 mEq/L

Question 93

Lithium levels should be monitored for how many days?

Answer 93

Every 2-3 days. Then should be monitored weekly. Once patient is stable it is check onvce a month.