Treatment Principles Lecture 14

Question 1

What are the goals of therapeutic exercise and activities?

Answer 1

1. Prevention of dysfunction

2. Restoration or improvement of ROM, Strength, Coordination, & Skill

Question 2

What are four things that can be achieved by the improvement of ROM

Answer 2

1. Enhanced positioning
2. Ease of care by caregiver
3. Enhanced ability to perform ADLs
4. Prepare for strength

Question 3

What are four goals of strength training?

Answer 3

1. Development of strength
2. Enhancement of strength
3. Maintenance of strength
4. Improve muscular and CV endurance

Question 4

What is coordination?

Answer 4

Using the right muscles at the right time with correct intensity. It is the basis of smooth and efficient movement, often occurring automatically.

Question 5

T/F Does coordination require an intact musculature?

Answer 5

True.

Question 6

Name three therapeutic exercises for improvement of intramuscular coordination.

Answer 6

1. Constant repetition of few motor activities
2. Use of sensory cues to enhance motor performance
3. Increase the speed of the activity

Question 7

What are three things that cause decreased ROM?

Answer 7

1. Systemic, joint, neurological, or muscular diseases
2. Surgical or traumatic insults
3. Inactivity or immobilization

Question 8

T/F ROM activities are administrated to increase strength of muscles

Answer 8

False. ROM activities are administered to maintain existing joint and soft tissue mobility

Question 9

T/F Passive ROM is the same as passive stretching

Answer 9

False Passive ROM is movement within unrestricted ROM produced by external force.

Question 10

T/F There is no voluntary muscular contraction during passive ROM

Answer 10

True

Question 11

What are three diagnoses you would use Passive ROM to treat?

Answer 11

1. Comatose, or paralyzed
2. Complete bed rest
3. When Active ROM is painful

Question 12

What do you do if a section of the body is immobilized?

A. Let the surrounding section remain immobile
B. Do ROM to regions above immobilized section only.
C. Do ROM to regions above and below immobilized region

Answer 12

C. Do ROM to regions above and below immobilized section

Question 13

T/F Controlled passive ROM is used to decrease complications of immobilization

Answer 13

True. This is done by:

1. Maintaining Joint integrity
2. Maintaining elasticity of muscle
3. Minimizing effects of formation of contractures
4. Decrease & inhibit pain
5. Maintain awareness of movement

Question 14

What doesn’t passive ROM do? (3)

Answer 14

1. Prevent atrophy of muscle
2. Increase strength or endurance
3. Assist circulation

Question 15

T/F Passive ROM is contraindicated hen any motion is disruptive to healing

Answer 15

True.

Question 16

T/F Early motion is demonstrated to decrease pain and increase rate of recovery

Answer 16

True

Question 17

T/F When performing Passive ROM, the patient should be comfortable and free of restrictions

Answer 17

True

Question 18

T/F When performing PROM, the therapist shouldn’t worry about using proper body mechanics

Answer 18

False

The therapist should use proper body mechanics when performing PROM

Question 19

T/F When performing PROM, the therapist should not grasp around the joint

Answer 19

False, Control movement by grasping around joint, modify your grip based on subjective complaints

Question 20

T/F Therapist can move client past their available range

Answer 20

False, The therapist should move through a pain free range and Should NOT force beyond available range

Question 21

How many times should the therapist repeat PROM motions?

Answer 21

5-10 times in smooth movements

Question 22

T/F Should the therapist monitor the client’s vital signs and pain level during and following treatment?

Answer 22

True. The therapist should document any observed or measurable reactions.

Question 23

T/F Generally as strength increases, endurance increases.

Answer 23

True

Question 24

Weakness can be caused by what? (3 things)

Answer 24

Disease, disuse, & immobilization

Question 25

What are three goals of strength training?

Answer 25

Increased strength, increased endurance, & increased power.

Question 26

Name three precautions to strength training

Answer 26

1. Cardiovascular precautions-remind the patient to breath, no Valsalva 2. Fatigue- general fatigue. Local fatigue is normal 3. Osteoporosis

Question 27

Name two contraindications to strength training

Answer 27

1. inflammation | 2. Pain- if during or more than 24 hours after

Question 28

T/F Strength, endurance and power can be developed from isotonic exercises

Answer 28

True.

Question 29

T/F Strength, endurance and power can be developed from isometric exercises

Answer 29

False, power can only develop with isotonic exercises

Question 30

T/F It is not necessary to do isometric exercises through out the entire range of motion, doing one position will increase strength of entire muscle

Answer 30

False. Will only increase strength in position held, so you have to do it at different positions to get full ROM

Question 31

Put these in order from easiest on weak muscles to hardest. Isotonic-eccentric, Isometric, & Isotonic-concentric

Answer 31

Isometric, Isotonic- eccentric, Isotonic- concentric, then a combination of all

Question 32

A ______ is the shortening of muscle or other tissues that cross a joint resulting in limitation of joint motion.

Answer 32

contracture

Question 33

T/F Some contractures are permanent

Answer 33

True, fixed, or organic contractures result in a permanent loss of ROM when soft tissue is replaced by nonextensible tissue

Question 34

T/F In Passive stretching, the therapist moves a client beyond the unrestricted range

Answer 34

True. The patient must be relaxed. The therapist controls direction, intensity and duration

Question 35

Intensity and duration of passive stretching is dependent on______ and _______

Answer 35

patient tolerance and therapist's strength and endurance

Question 36

T/F It is not necessary to warm tissue before before doing passive stretching

Answer 36

False. Warm tissue first with either low intensity exercise or therapeutic heat

Question 37

How long should you hold a stretch?

Answer 37

30 seconds

Question 38

________ is a technique in which a patient reflexively relaxes the muscle to be stretched before stretching

Answer 38

Active inhibition

Question 39

T/F Active inhibition is only possible with innervated muscle

Answer 39

True. Cannot be done on paralysis or neuromuscular dysfunction

Question 40

What are four precautions of Active inhibition?

Answer 40

1. Do not force past normal ROM 2. Be careful with osteoporosis 3. Guard newly united fractures 4. If pain, or muscle soreness over 24 hours

Question 41

Name 6 contraindication to active inhibition

Answer 41

1. when bony block limits joint motion 2. after recent fracture 3. If acute inflammation around joint 4. If any sharp acute pain when moving joint 5. hematoma present 6. if contracture is providing functional stability to joint