Treaty of Versailles Flashcards
(31 cards)
What was the Treaty of Brest Litovksk and when?
1918 between Germany and Russia - Russia gave up 1 mil square units of Land and heavy reparations
How was the Brest-Litovsk treaty used?
Brought up at the paris peace conference - Germany deserved the same punishments they
What did Clemencaue want?
High reparations
The protection of France’s borders
Take responsibility for starting the war
The return of Alsace-Lorraine to France
No military
What did Wilson want?
The creation of independent states like Poland that had access to the sea
The end of Germany’s empire and the weakening of all empire
The inclusion of all nations, including Germany, in the League of Nations
Avoid blaming Germany for the WW1 - Germany not paying high reparations
What did Lloyd-George want?
Retaining a strong trading relationship with Germany
Taking Germany’s overseas colonies
Harsh enough terms to satisfy the British desire for revenge
Keep its military strength to supress communism
A reduction in Germany’s navy
What were the 14 points - in terms of the TOV
The TOV should try to replicate the terms of the 14 points
Territorial Terms of TOV
Lose Saar region to france
Alsace-Lorraine given to France
Poland given access to sea
German colonies lost
Political terms of the TOV
League of Nations was created but Germany not allowed to join
War Guilt clause - accept they started the war
German reparations of 132 billion gold marks
What is a diktat?
A treaty were the losing side is not allowed to contribute
What military comprimises were made?
1 - Clemencaue did not feel like it limited German military enough
2 - Wilson had to abandon the idea of free navigation of the seas due to Britains naval supremacy
What territorial compromises were made?
1 - Rhineland was not given to Clemencaue
2 - Wilson was forced to allow the increase of French and British empires
3 - Lloyd George did not want free Eastern European states - vulnerable to Bolshevism and communism - instable
What political / economical compromises were made
1 - Clemencaue wanted the reparation payments to be higher
2 - Germany was not allowed to join LON
3 - Lloyd George was worried about the reaction of Germans under the control of France and Poland
Why did France and Britain want Germany to somewhat pay / more aggressive?
Britain and France had suffered large public pressure - heavy casualties - Lloyd George won on “making Germany pay”
Most of the French army dead or wounded - wanted to impose severe punishments
Why did the US not want revenge on Germany
No fighting occured on US Soil - affected little
Joined in 1917, much later
US economy was booming due to recalled loans
What angered the German people about the TOV
War Guilt Clause - Article 231 - did not think it was fair they took all the blame
Reparations - too high, germany had already been crippled by first world war
Army - source of pride
What was the Sparticist Uprising?
Revolt in 1919 to overthrow the New republic (Weimer), Communism
Why did the Kapp Putsch Start
Ebert planned to disband the Freikorps in Berlin
Events of the Kapp Putsch
Invited the Kaiser back to govern Germany
Workers - with government encouragement - called for a general strike - Berlin was starved with gas, electricity and watge
After foru days, Kapp forced to leave Berlin
How many political assissinations were there, and in what time period, and who significantly was shot
376 in 3 years
Martin Erzberger, who signed the armistice shot.
When did French and Belgian troops enter the Ruhr?
1923
Why did French and Belgian Troops enter the Ruhr?
To take what the Germans owed them in the form of raw materials and goods
How did the government respond to the Occupation of Ruhr (Germany)?
They urged the workers to go on strike and sabotage machinery
French government brought their own workers
Why did the Occupation of the Ruhr cripple German economy?
- They could not force the French out due to the limitations of Treaty of Versailles - rid of theirpride
- They paid the workers while striking
- Imported coal to meet demands , factories were not provided with enough coal so German people faced shortages in everyday things.
Why was hyperinflation caused?
- To print money to pay for war reparations
- To pay the striking German people
Happened in 1923
