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History - (yr9 Progress Assessment 2) > Treaty Of Versailles > Flashcards

Treaty Of Versailles Flashcards

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1
Q

Who was Georges Clemenceau?

A

President of France.

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2
Q

What is Georges Clemenceau’s nickname?

A

The ‘fiery tiger’ due to his hot-headed temper.

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3
Q

What is Clemenceau’s stance on negotiation?

A

He is unwilling to negotiate and does not want to compromise.

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4
Q

What does Clemenceau want regarding the impact of war on France?

A

He wants revenge for the loss of 750,000 homes and more than 1,500,000 men.

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5
Q

What does Clemenceau want to do to Germany?

A

He wants to punish Germany and ensure it is too weak to fight another war.

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6
Q

What territory does Clemenceau want to reclaim from Germany?

A

He wants to get back ‘Alsace-Lorraine’, taken from France in 1871.

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7
Q

What concerns does Clemenceau have about Germany’s military?

A

He is concerned that Germany still has an army and can easily attack France from the Rhineland.

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8
Q

What reparations does Clemenceau want Germany to pay?

A

He wants Germany to pay £6.6 million for war damage.

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9
Q

Who was Woodrow Wilson?

A

President of the USA

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10
Q

What percentage of suffering from the War does Wilson believe America has experienced compared to Britain or France?

A

44%

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11
Q

What year did America join the War?

A

1917

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12
Q

What does Wilson want to establish to prevent future wars?

A

League of Nations

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13
Q

What is Wilson’s stance on Germany paying war reparations?

A

He does not want Germany to pay any war damages

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14
Q

What is Wilson concerned about regarding Austria and Germany?

A

They might join together and form one country

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15
Q

What does self-determination mean in Wilson’s 14 points programme?

A

People should rule themselves rather than being ruled by other governments

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16
Q

What does Wilson propose regarding Germany’s territory?

A

Germany should lose all its land and territory it gained during the war

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17
Q

What does disarmament refer to?

A

The reduction of an army and military forces

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18
Q

True or False: Wilson believes in negotiating and compromising as long as the League of Nations is formed.

A

True

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19
Q

Fill in the blank: Wilson’s plan includes establishing _______ to prevent future conflicts.

A

self-determination

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20
Q

Who was the Prime Minister of Britain during the discussed period?

A

David Lloyd George

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21
Q

What is David Lloyd George’s stance on Germany’s punishment?

A

He wants Germany to be punished but also wants to prevent a Communist revolution

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22
Q

What does David Lloyd George see as the enemy?

A

Communism

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23
Q

What percentage of the British public wanted Germany to suffer?

A

44%

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24
Q

What extreme punishment did some British people want for the German Kaiser?

A

To have him hanged

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25
What does David Lloyd George believe should happen to Germany's empire and navy?
They should be broken up as they could be a threat to the UK
26
How much does David Lloyd George want Germany to pay in war damages?
£1.1 million
27
What control does David Lloyd George believe Britain and France should gain?
Control of Germany's colonies
28
What is a key concern for David Lloyd George regarding the war?
Destruction caused to homes and buildings
29
Define Communism.
A system where wealth is shared and everyone is considered equal
30
What is the role of German representatives in the proceedings?
They are invited to observe but cannot participate in decision making. ## Footnote They must sign the Treaty on behalf of their country.
31
What misconception do many German people have about the war?
They believe Germany did not lose the war, but just agreed to stop fighting. ## Footnote This misconception is due to the fact that Germany's borders were never crossed during the war.
32
How might the German people feel upon realizing Germany lost the war?
They may feel shocked or disappointed. ## Footnote This is in contrast to their belief that they merely stopped fighting.
33
What do the German people not want their representatives to agree or sign?
Anything that punishes Germany despite their efforts in the war. ## Footnote They feel they fought well and should not be penalized.
34
What financial situation is Germany facing after the war?
Germany cannot afford to pay significant war damages. ## Footnote The war has already cost them a lot in terms of weapons and soldiers.
35
What colonies did Germany lose as a result of the Treaty of Versailles?
All 11 colonies in Africa and the far east.
36
What was given to Poland from Germany, causing significant upset?
Polish corridor with a million Germans put under Polish rule.
37
Which territory that was previously lost was returned to France?
Alsace-Lorraine.
38
What percentage of Germany's population was lost due to the Treaty?
10% of its population.
39
What were the losses in Germany's iron and coal reserves?
50% of iron reserves and 15% of coal reserves.
40
What did Article 80 of the Treaty forbid?
Any union with Austria.
41
What organization was established as part of the Treaty of Versailles?
League of Nations.
42
True or False: The Treaty established the idea that an attack on one country is an attack on all.
True.
43
What was the limit on the size of the German army according to the Treaty?
Limited to 100,000 soldiers.
44
What limitations were placed on the German Navy?
Limited to 6 battleships, 6 cruisers, and 12 destroyers.
45
What type of naval vessels were prohibited for Germany?
Submarines.
46
Was Germany allowed to maintain an air force according to the Treaty?
NO air force.
47
What was designated as a demilitarized zone in Germany?
The Rhineland.
48
How long was the Rhineland to be occupied by the Allies?
15 years.
49
What was the total amount in reparations that Germany was required to pay according to the Treaty of Versailles?
£6.6 billion ## Footnote Germany only finished paying this back in 2010.
50
Which article of the Treaty of Versailles stated that Germany had started World War One?
Article 231 ## Footnote This article is often referred to as the 'War Guilt Clause'.
51
What did Germany have to accept according to the Treaty of Versailles?
FULL responsibility for the war ## Footnote This included the destruction caused by World War One.
52
Fill in the blank: According to the Treaty of Versailles, Germany had to pay _______ for the war.
[reparations]
53
True or False: Germany finished paying its reparations in the same year the Treaty of Versailles was signed.
False ## Footnote Germany completed its reparations payments in 2010, long after the treaty was signed.
54
What is the 'Stab in the back' myth?
The claim that Germany was not losing the war and that the new government betrayed the country by signing the armistice and the Treaty of Versailles. ## Footnote This myth led to the perception that politicians were responsible for Germany's defeat.
55
What did some Germans label the government that agreed to the Treaty of Versailles?
'November criminals' ## Footnote This term reflected the belief that politicians had betrayed the nation.
56
What was the significance of the armistice?
It was an agreement to end the war. ## Footnote The armistice marked the cessation of hostilities in World War I.
57
What areas did the United States forces help to check or push back German advances?
Cantigny, Belleau Wood, Château-Thierry, and St. Mihiel ## Footnote These locations were significant battles where American troops played a crucial role.
58
Fill in the blank: The Treaty of Versailles is often associated with the term _______.
November criminals
59
True or False: The German government was unanimously supported by the population when signing the armistice.
False ## Footnote Many Germans believed that the government had betrayed the country.
60
What geographical locations are mentioned in relation to the German line in spring 1918?
Antwerp, Brussels, Cologne, Metz, Paris ## Footnote These cities were part of the strategic landscape during World War I.
61
What was the line of the farthest German advance during World War I?
The German line, spring 1918 ## Footnote This line indicated the extent of German territorial gains before the American and Allied counteroffensives.
62
What offensive is associated with American troop advancements?
Meuse Argonne Offensive ## Footnote This was one of the largest American military operations during World War I.

History - (yr9 Progress Assessment 2) (4 decks)

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