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History - (yr9 Progress Assessment 2) > WW2 > Flashcards

WW2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What sparked the fuse that ignited world war 2?

A
  1. Germany’s policies: Lebensraum & empire building
  2. The aftermath of world war 1
  3. The creation of New, Axis Powers
  4. Invasion of Poland
  5. Germany’s policies: Eugenics
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2
Q

Germany’s policies: Lebensraum & Empire building

A
  1. To unite all German speaking people.
  2. Expand territory to create more living space for German people.
  3. The idea that German people were superior to Eastern Europeans.
  4. They wanted a perfect Aryan race for pure blooded German’s to survive.
  5. They have to invade land for this to be possible.
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3
Q

Germany’s policies: Eugenics

A
  1. Hitler wanted a stronger race known as the perfect Aryan race.
  2. Excludes; Jews, gypsies and those with physical and mental disabilities.
  3. To Eliminate a racial enemy - they were persecuted in the countries invaded by German forces.
  4. Jews were seen as ‘subhuman’ or ‘parasites’.
  5. Sent to concentration camps to eliminate them.
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4
Q

Name 3 concentration camps (death camps)

A
  1. Auschwitz
  2. Birkenau
  3. Treblinka
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5
Q

Who were the Allied powers (Triple Entente)

-

A

UK, USA and France

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6
Q

When was the Treaty of Versailles finalized?

A

1919

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7
Q

Who was blamed for the war?

A

Germany

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8
Q

Germany faced many punishments that financially ruined the nation, what were they?

A
  1. No army over 100,000
  2. Belgium and France occupied Ruhr
  3. £6.6bn to pay in reparations
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9
Q

Why did the Treaty of Versailles spark hatred, bitterness and resentment to the Allied powers?

A

Because of the economic recession Germany faced. Unemployment reached 6.1 million in 1933.

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10
Q

Why did many Germans want revenge after their failure to win the First World War?

A

They believed they had been stabbed in the back by the ‘November criminals’ (those in the Weimar government) who had accepted the terms of the treaty

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11
Q

Who was known as the ‘Axis’ (the new alliance formed)?

A

Germany, Italy and Japan

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12
Q

Hitler gained much of his belief’s and inspiration from who? .

A

Mussolini (Italy’s prime minister) - who was a fascist

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13
Q

Who did Japan want to control?

A

Asia and the pacific

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14
Q

What did Germany gain from its good relationship with Japan and Italy?

A

They were well armed with Weapons, tactics and planning

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15
Q

What was the agreement called between Germany and the allies (before September 1939)?

A

The Munich agreement - where Germany promised not to invade Poland (despite invading Czechoslovakia)

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16
Q

When did Hitler break his promise to invade Poland?

A

September 1st

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17
Q

Who said they would declare war if Germany did not leave?

A

Britain and France

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18
Q

Hitler did not believe Britain would declare war and stick by their commitment to protect Poland. However what happened next and when…?

A

On the 3rd of September 1939, Chamberlain (UK Prime Minister) declared war on Germany.

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19
Q

What was ‘Blitzkrieg’ or ‘lightning war’?

A

footnote - they used tanks extensively with great success

It involved using overwhelming force in as short a time as possible to crush the enemy

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20
Q

What significant event marked the turning point in the war for Allied troops in North Africa?

A

The defeat of the Nazis at El Alamein in October 1942

This was the first important victory for Allied troops in the war.

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21
Q

Who were the two great generals fighting in the North African desert?

A

Montgomery for Britain and Rommel for Germany

They led fierce tank battles during the North African campaign.

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22
Q

What nickname was given to Montgomery’s troops?

A

The Desert Rats

This was a term used to refer to British soldiers in the North African campaign.

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23
Q

By what date was the desert war in North Africa over?

Study These Flashcards
A

By May 1943

This marked the end of nearly two years of fighting in the region.

24
Q

How many German and Italian soldiers were killed or taken prisoner by the end of the North African campaign?

Study These Flashcards
A

Almost one million

This figure reflects the heavy losses suffered by Axis forces.

25
What was the strategic significance of the Allied invasion of Sicily in July 1943?
It was part of the attack on 'the soft under-belly of Europe' ## Footnote This was a term used by Churchill to describe the invasion strategy.
26
What major event occurred in the Far East in February 1942?
The Japanese captured Singapore ## Footnote This was a significant loss for the Allies in the region.
27
What battle marked a turning point in the Pacific Theater for the Americans?
The Battle of Midway in June 1942 ## Footnote American dive-bombers destroyed Japanese aircraft carriers, changing the naval balance.
28
What was the outcome of the attack on the island of Iwo Jima in 1945?
6000 Americans and 21,000 Japanese were killed ## Footnote This highlighted the high human cost of the island-hopping campaign.
29
What was the situation of German forces in Stalingrad by February 1943?
Surrounded by Russian forces and forced to surrender ## Footnote General von Paulus had no choice but to capitulate after being encircled.
30
What hindered German tanks during the battle for Stalingrad?
The ground froze ## Footnote This affected the mobility of German armored units during the winter months.
31
What was the significance of Stalingrad for Hitler?
It ended all Hitler's hopes of conquering the Soviet Union. ## Footnote The defeat at Stalingrad marked a turning point in the Eastern Front of World War II.
32
What action did the Soviets take after Stalingrad?
They made a number of quick attacks on Nazi lines, forcing German troops to retreat across eastern Europe. ## Footnote This contributed to the overall weakening of the German military position.
33
What was agreed upon by Britain and the USA during the war?
To open a second front in the west by invading France across the English Channel. ## Footnote This strategic decision was aimed at relieving pressure on Soviet forces.
34
What is D Day?
6 June 1944, the day when the landings on the Normandy beaches began. ## Footnote This operation was code-named 'Operation Overlord'.
35
How did Hitler's forces respond to the D Day landings?
They were taken by surprise and did not know exactly where the attack would occur. ## Footnote This confusion allowed the Allies to gain a foothold in France.
36
What was the outcome of the Normandy landings?
The reconquest of Europe had begun. ## Footnote This marked the beginning of the end for Nazi control in Europe.
37
What two fronts did Germany face after the Normandy landings?
A Soviet advance from the east and a British and American advance through France from the west. ## Footnote This situation stretched German resources and military capabilities.
38
What significant event occurred in August 1944?
The Allies arrived in Paris. ## Footnote This was a major milestone in the liberation of Western Europe.
39
What happened in March 1945?
The Allies crossed the Rhine into Germany. ## Footnote This action was crucial for the final stages of the war in Europe.
40
What was Hitler's fate on 30 April 1945?
He committed suicide as the situation became hopeless. ## Footnote This act marked the collapse of Nazi leadership.
41
When did Germany surrender?
Eight days after Hitler's suicide, when the Soviets were in Berlin. ## Footnote This marked the end of World War II in Europe.
42
When did the Second World War officially end in the Far East?
August 1945, after the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. ## Footnote These bombings led to Japan's surrender.
43
Fill in the blank: The operation to invade France was known as _______.
Operation Overlord
44
True or False: The Allies faced only one front during World War II after D Day.
False
45
List three key events that contributed to the Allies' victory in World War II.
* The defeat at Stalingrad * The Normandy landings (D Day) * The liberation of Paris ## Footnote These events were pivotal in shifting the momentum towards the Allies.
46
What event occurred in June 1942 that contributed to the Allies' victory?
American bombers destroy the Japanese aircraft carriers at the Battle of Midway ## Footnote The Battle of Midway was a crucial turning point in the Pacific Theater of World War II.
47
Which battle in October 1942 saw General Montgomery's troops defeat the Nazis?
The Battle of El Alamein ## Footnote This battle marked a significant turning point in the North African campaign.
48
What significant event happened in February 1943 involving German General von Paulus?
German General von Paulus surrenders at Stalingrad ## Footnote The surrender at Stalingrad was a major defeat for the German army.
49
In July 1943, where did the Allies invade?
Sicily and Italy ## Footnote This invasion was part of the Italian Campaign during World War II.
50
What happened to Hitler's forces in Autumn 1943?
Hitler's forces on the Eastern Front were defeated ## Footnote This defeat contributed to the weakening of German military power.
51
What was the date of the Allied invasion of France in June 1944?
6 June 1944, known as D-Day ## Footnote D-Day was a pivotal moment in the liberation of Western Europe from Nazi control.
52
In August 1944, where did the Allies arrive?
Paris ## Footnote The liberation of Paris was a significant milestone in the war in Europe.
53
What major crossing did the Allies achieve in March 1945?
Allies cross the Rhine into Germany ## Footnote This crossing facilitated the final stages of the war in Europe.
54
What tragic event occurred involving Hitler in April 1945?
Hitler commits suicide ## Footnote His death marked the impending collapse of the Nazi regime.
55
What happened in May 1945 regarding Germany?
Germany surrenders, with Soviets now in Berlin ## Footnote This event marked the official end of the war in Europe.
56
What cities were destroyed by atomic bombs in August 1945?
Hiroshima and Nagasaki ## Footnote The bombings led to the end of the war in the Far East.

History - (yr9 Progress Assessment 2) (4 decks)

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