Trematodes 1 Flashcards
1
Q
Helminths taxonomy
A
kingdom- Animalia (unikonts)
Group- helminths
2
Q
platyhelminths taxonomy
A
kingdom- Animalia (unikonts)
Group- helminths
phylum- Platyhelminthes
3
Q
platyhelminths include what parasites
A
- flatworms
- flukes (trematodes)
- tapeworms (cestodes)
4
Q
platyhelminths id
A
- bilat symetrica
- solid bodied like acoelomates
- excretory system is flame cell system
5
Q
platyhelminths execretory system
A
flame cell system
6
Q
digenetic trematodes taxonomy
A
kingdom- Animalia (unikonts) Group- helminths phylum- Platyhelminthes class- trematodes family- digenetic trematodes
7
Q
digenetic trematodes lifecycle
A
- mollusk (snail) intermediate host (asexual multiplication)
- vertebrate final host (no multiplication here so what goes out comes in)
8
Q
digenetic trematodes id
A
- solid body w/ syncytium
- anterior sucker around mouth and posterior sucker mid body
9
Q
digenetic trematodes sex organs
A
- hermaphrodites have ovaries and testes
- oviduct filled with eggs
- operculate eggs (capped)
10
Q
digenetic trematodes digestion
A
- have no anus so v+ up what they eat after divesting
11
Q
digenetic trematodes development
A
- sporocysts and media (have mouths and crawl around inside snail eating things) developmental stages in snail
12
Q
digenetic trematodes transmission brief
A
ingestion of metacercaria is how you get trematode
13
Q
digenetic trematodes lifecycle
A
Eggs in feces/urine & environ -> Miracadium (swims) -> Asexual repro & sporocysts in mollusk -> Redia -> Cercaria (have tails) and leave snail -> Metacercaria -> Final hosts have adults
- Meso-cercaria – In some genera, cercaria does not have cyst wall
14
Q
fasciolopsis buski (giant intestinal fluke) taxonomy
A
kingdom- Animalia (unikonts) Group- helminths phylum- Platyhelminthes class- trematodes family- digenetic trematodes
15
Q
fasciolopsis buski (giant intestinal fluke) host
A
- pigs
- humans
16
Q
fasciolopsis buski tranmission
A
- broad: consumption of vegitation
- transmission by eating grain
- eggs basses in feces
17
Q
fasciolopsis buski organ effected
A
small intestine
18
Q
fasciolopsis buski dx
A
- minimal symptoms or unnoticed
19
Q
fasciolopsis buski geography
A
- southeast asia
- china
20
Q
fasciolopsis buski prevetion
A
boiling vegtables
21
Q
fasciola hepatica alt name
A
sheep liver fluke
22
Q
fasciolopsis buski alt name
A
giant intestinal fluke
23
Q
fasciola hepatica taxonomy
A
kingdom- Animalia (unikonts) Group- helminths phylum- Platyhelminthes class- trematodes family- digenetic trematodes
24
Q
fasciola hepatica host
A
- sheep and cattle
25
fasciola hepatica transmission
- broadly: consumption of vegetation
| - ingest metacercaria from plants while grazing
26
fasciola hepatica organ effected
bile ducts
27
fasciola hepatica dx
- Acute disease from larva migration through abd cavity & liver capsule (go straight through abomasal wall!)
- Chronic disease from fibrosis of bile ducts
28
fasciola hepatica fun fact
- leave behind black pigment where they track from the food they v+ up
29
fascioloides magna taxonomy
```
kingdom- Animalia (unikonts)
Group- helminths
phylum- Platyhelminthes
class- trematodes
family- digenetic trematodes
```
30
fascioloides magna host
- white tailed deer
- cattle
- sheep
31
fascioloides magna id
-HUGE
32
fascioloides magna life cycle
- cysts not patent in cattle so eggs trapped
33
fascioloides magna organ effected
cysts in liver
34
fascioloides magna dx
- in sheep migrate about destroying liver and leaving black pigment
35
fascioloides magna fun fact
move around in pairs
36
fascioloides magna transmission
consumption of vegetation
37
paramphistomes alt name
jellies
38
paramphistomes taxonomy
```
kingdom- Animalia (unikonts)
Group- helminths
phylum- Platyhelminthes
class- trematodes
family- digenetic trematodes
```
39
paramphistomes host
ruminants
40
paramphistomes id
- gelatinous looking
| - terminal sucker is on other end not in middle
41
paramphistomes transmission
- broadly consumption of vegitation
| - ingestion of encysted meacercaria on vegetation
42
paramphistomes organ infected
intestine, rumen
43
paramphistomes dx
- immature flukes burrow in to wall of is before going back to rumen
44
paramphistome location
worldwide
45
echinostoma taxnomy
```
kingdom- Animalia (unikonts)
Group- helminths
phylum- Platyhelminthes
class- trematodes
family- digenetic trematodes
```
46
echinostoma host
- rodents
| - birds
47
echinostoma id
spines around mouth
48
echinostoma transmission
ingestion of snails
49
eurytrema pancreaticum taxnomy
```
kingdom- Animalia (unikonts)
Group- helminths
phylum- Platyhelminthes
class- trematodes
family- digenetic trematodes
```
50
eurytrema pancreaticum host
- cattle
51
eurytrema pancreaticum transmission
- broadly consumption of insects
| - cattle infected when eat grasshoppers
52
eurytrema pancreaticum organ effected
pancreas
53
dicrocoelium dendriticum alt name
lanceolate liver fluke
54
dicrocoelium dendriticum host
- sheep
- deer
- woodchucks
- cattle
- pigs
55
dicrocoelium dendtriticum id
- small
56
dicrocoelium dendriticium lifecycle
- Cercaria come out of land snails tied into little balls and coated in mucus (slime balls) Eaten by ants Ants eaten by sheep
57
dicrocoelium dendriticum tranmsission
- broadly consumption of insects
| - sheep eat ants
58
dicrocoelium dendtriticum organ effected
- bile ducts (get there nicely by just migrating instead of going through the wall)
59
dicrocoelium dendriticum dx
- pathology only in older animals bc takes long time to show symptoms
60
dicrocoelium dendriticum effect on ants
Ants eat slime balls then go crazy and when they know mammals around, they hang on the ends of the grass w/ their butts in the air so they’re easily eaten by grazers
61
platonosomum fastosum taxonomy
```
kingdom- Animalia (unikonts)
Group- helminths
phylum- Platyhelminthes
class- trematodes
family- digenetic trematodes
```
62
plantonosomum fastosum host
- cats
63
plantonosomum fastosum transmission
- broadly: consumption of insects
| - cats eat infected pill bugs
64
plantonosomum fastosum organ of interest
- gall bladder
65
plantonosomum fastosum dx
- usually non-pathogenic
| - liver poisoning and temporary inappitance (rare)
66
plantonosomum fastosum location
Florida, SE US, Hawaii, Caribbean, South & Central America, W Africa, Malaysia
67
nanophyetus salmincola taxonomy
```
kingdom- Animalia (unikonts)
Group- helminths
phylum- Platyhelminthes
class- trematodes
family- digenetic trematodes
```
68
nanophyetus salminocola host
- coyotes, mink, bears, raccoons, and other candids
69
nanophyetus salminocola transmission
- broadly: consumption of fish
| - metacercariae in salmonid fish
70
nanophyetus salmincola vector
- vector of neorickettsia
71
nanophyetus salminocola dx
- fever, v+, d+, death in 90% untreated
72
heterophyes heterophyes alt name
tiny intestinal fluke
73
heterophyes heterophyes taxonomy
```
kingdom- Animalia (unikonts)
Group- helminths
phylum- Platyhelminthes
class- trematodes
family- digenetic trematodes
```
74
heterophyes heterophyes host
- dog
- cat
- various birds
75
heterophyes heterophyes transmission
- broadly: consumption of fish
| - ingestion of freshwater or brackish water fish
76
heterophyes heterphyes organ effected
deeply embedded in intestinal crypts
77
metagonimus yokogawi alt name
tiny oriental fluke
78
metagonimus yokogawi taxonomy
```
kingdom- Animalia (unikonts)
Group- helminths
phylum- Platyhelminthes
class- trematodes
family- digenetic trematodes
```
79
metagonimus yokogawi host
- dog
- cat
- bird
- human
80
metagonimus yokogawi life cycle
Snail ingests eggs passed in human/ animal feces -> Cercariae released from snail -> Penetrate skin of fish & become meta-cercariae -> Ingested by dogs, cats, birds, humans
81
metagonimus yokogawi organ effected
deeply embedded in intestinal crypts
82
metagonimus yokogawi transmission
broadly: consumption of fish
83
clonorchis sinensis alt name
oriental liver fluke
84
clonorchis sinensis taxonomy
```
kingdom- Animalia (unikonts)
Group- helminths
phylum- Platyhelminthes
class- trematodes
family- digenetic trematodes
```
85
clonorchis sinensis host
- cats
- dogs
- ppl
86
clonorchis sinensis life cycle
Snail ingests eggs passed in human/ animal feces -> Cercariae released from snail -> Penetrate skin of fish & become meta-cercariae -> Ingested by dogs, cats, birds, humans
87
clonorchis sinensis transmission
- broadly: consumption of fish
| - ingestion of raw fish
88
clonorchis sinensis organ effected
bile duct
89
clonorchis sinensis dx
- cancer in ppl
90
clonorchis sinensis location
- Japan
- vietnam
- china
91
opisthorchis felineus alt name
feline liver fluke
92
opisthorchis felineus taxonomy
```
kingdom- Animalia (unikonts)
Group- helminths
phylum- Platyhelminthes
class- trematodes
family- digenetic trematodes
```
93
opisthorchis felineus host
- dogs
- cats
- civets
- foxes
- ppl
94
opisthorchis felineus id
- "opistho" means at rear, they have 2 testis at the back
95
opisthorchis felineus transmission
-broadly: consumption of fish
96
opisthorchis felineus organ effected
bile duct
97
opisthorchis felineus location
Europe to southeast asia
98
opisthorchis viverrini alt name
civet liver fluke
99
opisthorchis viverrini taxonomy
```
kingdom- Animalia (unikonts)
Group- helminths
phylum- Platyhelminthes
class- trematodes
family- digenetic trematodes
```
100
opisthorchis viverrini hosts
- dogs
- cats
- civets
- foxes
- ppl
101
opisthorchis viverrini id
- "opistho" means at rear, they have 2 testis at the back
102
opisthorchis viverrini transmission
- broadly: consumption of fish
103
opisthorchis viverrini organ effected
bile ducts
104
opisthorchis viverrini location
Europe to Southeast Asia
105
alaria canis taxonomy
```
kingdom- Animalia (unikonts)
Group- helminths
phylum- Platyhelminthes
class- trematodes
family- digenetic trematodes
```
106
alaria canis host
- raccoon, skunk
- fox, dog, cat
- mammalian paratenic hosts
107
alaria canis stage differences
- mesocercaria not metacercaria
108
alaria canis id
- have wings that come out and wrap around villus
109
alaria canis transmission
- broadly: consumption of paratenic host
| - snails to tadpoles- cats infected when nursing can transmit to kittens
110
alaria canis dx
- almost no dx in infected dogs and cats
111
alaria marcianae taxonomy
```
kingdom- Animalia (unikonts)
Group- helminths
phylum- Platyhelminthes
class- trematodes
family- digenetic trematodes
```
112
alaria marcianae host
- raccoon, skunk
- fox, dog, cat
- mammalian paratenic hosts
113
alaria marcianae stage differences
- mesocercaria not metacercaria
114
alaria marcianae id
- have wings that come out and wrap around villus
115
alaria marcianae transmission
- broadly: consumption of paratenic host
| - snails to tadpoles- cats infected when nursing can transmit to kittens
116
alaria marcianae dx
- almost no dx in infected dogs and cats
117
paragonimus kellicotti alt name
NA lung fluke
118
paragonimus kellicotti taxonomy
```
kingdom- Animalia (unikonts)
Group- helminths
phylum- Platyhelminthes
class- trematodes
family- digenetic trematodes
```
119
paragonimus kellicotti hosts
- mink, bobcats, dogs, cats
| - humans
120
paragonimus kellicotti lifecycle
- eggs passed via sputum or stool
121
paragonimus kellicotti transmission
- ingestion of infected crayfish
122
paragonimus kellicotti organ effected
- flukes in pairs in cysts in lungs (migrate straight through diaphragm into lungs)
123
paragonimus kellicotti dx
- pneumonia, severe acute pulmonary dx, pneumothorax
124
trematodes as dx carrying agents
- salmon poisoning dx
- Potomac horse fever
- elokomin fluke fever
- sennetsu fever
125
heterobilharzia americana alt name
american schistosome
126
heterobillharzia americana taxonomy
```
kingdom- Animalia (unikonts)
Group- helminths
phylum- Platyhelminthes
class- trematodes
family- digenetic trematodes
```
127
heterobillharzia americana host
- raccoon
- nutria
- bobat
- rabbit
- dog
128
heterobillarzia americana life cycle
paired adults
129
heterobiliharzia americana (american schistosome)
-schistosomatidae- through direct skin penetration by cercariae
130
heterobilliharzia americana organ effected
adults in mesenteric and hepatic veins
131
heterobilliharzia americana dx
- Eggs carried to liver & cause severe fibrosis
Swimmers itch
– Zoonotic schistosome dermatitis caused by cercariae of wild water fowl penetrating & migrating in human skin
132
heterobilliharzia americana location
Florida along gulf coast into tx and north Kansas
133
schistosoma mansoni taxonomy
```
kingdom- Animalia (unikonts)
Group- helminths
phylum- Platyhelminthes
class- trematodes
family- digenetic trematodes
```
134
schistosoma mansoni host
humans
135
schistosoma mansoni life cycle
- Schisto-somula carried via blood to lungs Blood again to liver
136
schistosoma mansoni id
- Adults in pairs
137
schistosoma mansoni transmission
-schistosomatidae- through direct skin penetration by cercariae
138
schistosoma mansoni organ effected
- tributaries of inferior mesenteric vein
| - liver
139
schistosoma mansoni dx
- fever, GI bleeding, rectal polyps, malabs
| - swimmers itch
140
schistosoma japonicum taxonomy
```
kingdom- Animalia (unikonts)
Group- helminths
phylum- Platyhelminthes
class- trematodes
family- digenetic trematodes
```
141
schistosoma japonicum host
- many mammals mainly cats and humans
142
schistosoma japonicum transmission
-schistosomatidae- through direct skin penetration by cercariae
143
schistosoma japonicum dx
swimmers itch
