Trematodes

Question 1

Phylum of tramatodes

Answer 1

Platyhelminthes

Question 2

Characteristic of all trematodes except blood flukes

Answer 2

Flat, leaf like
Hermaphrodite
Egg: operculated
MOT: ingestion
IS: metacercaria
IH: 2 IH

Question 3

Characteristic of Schistosomes

Answer 3

Elongated and cylindrical
Separate sexes
Egg: non operculated
MOT: skin penetration
IS: cercaria
IH: 1 IH ( snail )

Question 4

Eggs mature when laid (embryonated) : SHOC

Answer 4

Schistosoma
Heterophyes
Opistorchis
Clonorchis

Question 5

Eggs are Immature when laid (unembryonated) : PEFF

Answer 5

Paragonimus
Echinostoma
Fasciola
Fasciolopsis

Question 6

2 suckers used as attachment by trematodes

Answer 6

Oral and ventral (acetabulum)

Question 7

Heterophyes 3rd attachment

Answer 7

Genital sucker

Question 8

Life cycle of trematodes

Answer 8

Egg>Larva(Miracidium>Sporocyst>Redia>Cercaria>Metacercaria)>Adult

Question 9

1st IH of trematodes

Answer 9

Snail

Question 10

2nd IH of trematode

Answer 10

Fish, crab, plant/vegetation, snail

Question 11

Fish are the 2nd IH of these Trematodes: SHOC

Answer 11

Schistosoma
Heteophyes
O. Felineus
C. Sinensis

Question 12

2nd IH are snails

Answer 12

E. Ilocanum

Question 13

2nd IH are plant/vegetation of these trematodes

Answer 13

F. Hepatica
F. Gigantica
F. Buski

Question 14

Liver trematodes

Answer 14

F. Hepatica
F. Gigantica
C. Sinensis
O. Felineus

Question 15

Small intestine trematodes

Answer 15

F. Buski
E. Ilocanum
H. Heterophyes

Question 16

Lung trematode

Answer 16

P. Westermani

Question 17

Causes sheep liver rot

Answer 17

Fasciola hepatica

Question 18

Adult characteristics of F. Hepatica

Answer 18

With cephalic cone
Leaf like hermaphrodite

Question 19

Most important liver fluke of man

Answer 19

Clonorchis sinensis

Question 20

Egg characteristics of C. Sinensis

Answer 20

Old fashioned electric light bulb

Question 21

MOT of C. Sinensis

Answer 21

Ingestion

Question 22

Resembles C. Sinensis

Answer 22

Opistorchis felineus

Question 23

Largest fluke parasitizing man

Answer 23

Fasciolopsis buski

Question 24

Egg characteristics of F. Buski

Answer 24

Hen’s egg shaped
Indistinguishable from fasciola

Question 25

Smallest but deadliest fluke of man

Answer 25

Heterophyes Heterophyes

Question 26

MOT of H. Heterophyes

Answer 26

Ingestion

Question 27

Causes endemic hemoptysis

Answer 27

Paragonimus westermani

Question 28

Egg characteristics of P. Westermani

Answer 28

With thickened abopercular end opposite the operculum

Question 29

Lab diagnosis of P. Westermani

Answer 29

Sputum and stool exam

Question 30

MOT of P. Westermani

Answer 30

Ingestion

Question 31

Most romantic parasite of man

Answer 31

Schistosoma

Question 32

Adult characteristics of schistosoma

Answer 32

Male: with gynecophoral canal where the female is held

Question 33

Lab diagnosis of Schistosoma

Answer 33

1. Demonstration of eggs in feces, rectal or liver biopsies and urine 2. Faust and Meleney’s eggs hatching technique 3. Circumoval precipitin test (COP)

Question 34

Pathology of Schistosoma

Answer 34

Larva Penetration Human sp: slight allergic reaction Nonhuman sp: Swimmer’s itch Tissue damage by eggs

Question 35

Causes Katayama’s disease

Answer 35

S. Japonicum

Question 36

Habitat of S. Japonicum

Answer 36

Superior mesenteric veins in the small intestines

Question 37

Egg characteristics of S. Japonicum

Answer 37

With small knob-like or recurved hook on one side

Question 38

IH of S. Japonicum

Answer 38

Oncomelania quadrasi

Question 39

Smallest blood fluke

Answer 39

Schistosoma mansoni

Question 40

Habitat of S. Mansoni

Answer 40

Superior mesenteric veins of the colon

Question 41

Vesical blood fluke causing bilharziasis or urinary schistosomiasis ( hematuria)

Answer 41

Schistosoma haematobium

Question 42

Specimen for S. Haematobium

Answer 42

24 hr unpreserved urine

Question 43

Cestode body

Answer 43

Scolex, neck, strobila

Question 44

Anterior attachment organn

Answer 44

Scolex

Question 45

Region of growth

Answer 45

Neck

Question 46

Chains of segments or oroglottids

Answer 46

Strobila

Question 47

False tapeworm

Answer 47

Pseudophyllidea

Question 48

Stages of Pseudophyllidea

Answer 48

Coracidiu,>Procercoid>Plerocercoid

Question 49

Scolex of Pseudophyllidea

Answer 49

Spoon shaped with bothria

Question 50

Strobila of Pseudophyllidea

Answer 50

Anapolytic (not shedding segments)

Question 51

Egg of Pseudophyllidea

Answer 51

Operculated with aboperculum, immature when laid

Question 52

True tapeworm

Answer 52

Cyclophyllidea

Question 53

Scolex of Cyclophyllidea

Answer 53

Quadrate with 4 cuplike suckers (rostellum with or without hooklets)

Question 54

Strobila of Cyclophyllidea

Answer 54

Apolytic (shedding segments)

Question 55

Egg of Cyclophyllidea

Answer 55

Non-operculated, embryonated (mature when laid) hexacanth embryo

Question 56

Largest tapeworm of man Causes Vit B12 deficiency anemia

Answer 56

Diphyllobothrium latum

Question 57

Scolex of T. Saginata

Answer 57

None, no rostellar hooks

Question 58

Scolex of T. Solium

Answer 58

With rostellum armed with 2 rows of large and small hooklets

Question 59

Characteristic of eggs of T. Saginata and T. Solium

Answer 59

Spherical, striated, inside is an embryo with 6 hooklets

Question 60

Pathogenesis of T. Solium

Answer 60

Taeniasis solium and cysticercosis

Question 61

Pathogenesis of T. Saginata

Answer 61

Taeniasis saginata

Question 62

Scolex of H. Nana

Answer 62

With rostellum armed with a ring of 20-30 spines

Question 63

Scolex of H. Diminuta

Answer 63

With oncosphere enclosed in an inner membrane with 2 polar thickenings, but w/o filaments

Question 64

Proglottids With double set of reproductive organs and genital pore on each side of the lateral margin

Answer 64

Dipylidium caninum

Question 65

Shortest tapeworm. Anti-Tp1

Answer 65

E. Granulosis

Question 66

Intermediate host of E. Granulosis Definitive host of E. Granulosis

Answer 66

IH: sheep man DH: Dog

Question 67

Lab diagnosis of E. Granulosis

Answer 67

1. Exploratory cyst puncture 2. Roentgenogram 3. Immunologic test: Bentonite flocculation test & Casoni