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Trematodes Flashcards

1
Q

Intestinal species

A
  • Fasciolopsis buski
  • Heterophyes heterophyes
  • Metagonimus yokogawai
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2
Q

Liver species

A
  • Fasciola hepatica
  • Clonorchis sinensis
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3
Q

Lung specie

A

Paragonimus westermani

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4
Q

Dioecious flukes

A

• Schistosoma mansoni
• Schistosoma japonicum
• Schistosoma haematobium

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5
Q

Heterophid flukes

A

Heterophyes heterophyes
Metagonimus yokogawai

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6
Q

____ contain a lidlike structure that under the appropriate conditions flips open to release its contents for further development, called an _____

A

-eggs
-operculum

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7
Q

Larval stages

A

Miracidium
Sporocysts
Rediae
Cercariae
Metacercariae

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8
Q

is ciliated, and its prominent internal features include eyespots, various penetration glands, and numerous excretorycells and tubules

A

Miracidium

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9
Q

are simple, tubular or branched germinal sacs

A

Sporocysts

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10
Q

are tubular germinal sacs which possess an oral sucker and rudimentary digestive system, a birth pore, and small ambulatory appendages. This one contains developing cercariae.

A

Rediae

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11
Q

resemble miniature adults, with a similar body shape, digestive system and ornamentation to the adults they will become

A

Cercariae

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12
Q

Large intestinal fluke

A

Fasciolopsis buski

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13
Q

Fasciolopsis buski
MORPHOLOGY: EGGS

A

• Are broadly ellipsoidal, operculated
• Measures 130 to 150 µm long by 60 to 90 µm • Difficult to distinguish from Fasciola hepatica eggs.

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14
Q

Fasciolopsis buski
Morphology: Adult

A

• Somewhat oblong and fleshy
• Averagesize is 5 by 1.5cm.
• Have a poorly-developed oral and ventral suckers.
• Reside in the intestine of mammalian host

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15
Q

Fasciolopsis buski

  • intermediate host:
  • genera:
  • reservoir host:
A
  • snails
  • hippeutis and segmentina
  • rabbits, pigs, and dogs
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16
Q

Sheep liver fluke

A

Fasciola hepatica

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17
Q

Fasciola hepatica main definitive hosts

A

domestic and wild ruminants

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18
Q

Fasciola hepatica
* definitive host:
* intermediate host (and its genera):
* accidental host:

A
  • DEFINITIVE HOSTS: sheep, cattle, and goats, camelids, cevids, and buffalo
  • INTERMEDIATE HOSTS: Snails in the genera Lymnaea, Galba, Fossaria and Pseudosuccinea.
  • ACCIDENTALHOST:Humans
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19
Q

Fasciola hepatica disease

A

FASCIOLOPSIS “SHEEP LIVER ROT”

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20
Q

is limited to the areas of the Far East, including parts of China, Thailand, Taiwan, and Vietnam, as well as regions in India and Indonesia

A

Fasciolopsis buski

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21
Q

is found worldwide, particularly in areas in which sheep andcattleare raised

A

Fasciola hepatica

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22
Q

Fasciolopsis buski and Fasciola hepatica treatment

A
  • Infections with Fasciolopsis buski can be treated with PRAZIQUANTEL
  • Infections with Fasciola hepatica has been successfully treated with DICHLOROPHENOL(Bithionol).TRICLABENDAZOLE is more effective.
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23
Q

• It is equipped with a distinct operculum opposite to a small knob.
• A thick rim is strategically located around the operculum and is referred to as shoulders.

A

C. sinensis eggs

24
Q

“CHINESE or ORIENTAL LIVER FLUKE”

A

C. sinensis

25
Important foodborne pathogen and cause of liver disease in Asia
C. sinensis
26
C sinensis lab diagnosis and treatment
- recovery of eggs from stool specimens or duodenal aspirates. (Enterotest may also be perform) - Praziquantel or Albendazole
27
C. sinensis reservoir hosts
fish-eating mammals, dogs, and cats
28
A minute intestinal fluke
H. heterophyes
29
The smallest human fluke
Metagonimus yokogawai
30
Shell thickness M. yokogawai: H. heterophyes:
- thin - thick
31
• An opercular rim (shoulders) surrounds the prominent operculum. • An obvious terminal shell thickening is located in the end opposite the operculum.
P. westermani eggs
32
• The cuticle of P. westermani possesses spines • It has a lobed ovary located anterior to two branching testes. • Possess oral and ventral suckers
P. westermani adult worm
33
Oriental lung fluke
P. westermani
34
P westermani First IH: Second IH:
- snail - crustaceans
35
Paragonimiasis disease phases
- Acute Phase (invasion and migration) - Chronic Phase: • PARAGONIMASIS: PULMONARY DISTOMIASIS - CEREBRAL PARAGONIMIASIS
36
Manson's blood fluke
S. mansoni
37
Blood fluke
S. japonicum
38
Bladder fluke
S. haematobium
39
Has a prominent large lateral spine
S. mansoni eggs
40
Has a small lateral spine
S. japonicum eggs
41
Has a large, prominent, terminal spine
S. haematobium eggs
42
Theo nlyTrematodes that have separate sexes, with the female residing in a gynecophoral canal within the male.
Schistosoma species
43
M. yokogawai first IH: snail in the genus ____
Semisulcospira
44
H. heterophyes first IH/main IH in Southeast Asia
Cerithideopsilla cingulate
45
Heterophid flukes second IH
fresh/brackish water fish
46
Heterophid flukes treatment
Praziquantel
47
• Schistosoma mansoni IH are • Schistosoma japonicum IH are • Schistosoma haematobium IH are
Biomphalaria spp. Oncomelania spp. Bullinus spp.
48
Upon release from the snail, the infective cercariae swim, penetrate the skin of the human host and shed their forked tails,becoming _________
Schistosomulae
49
is more frequently found in the superior mesenteric veins draining the small intestine
• S.japonicum
50
occurs more often in the inferior mesenteric veins draining the large intestine
• S.mansoni
51
most often inhabits in the vesicular and pelvic plexus of the bladder, but can also be found in the rectal venules.
• S. haematobium
52
considered the second most serious parasitic infection, only after malaria, in terms of mortality and morbidity
Schistosomiasis
53
Schistosoma spp reservoir hosts
monkeys, cattle and other livestock, rodents
54
is believed to originate in the Old World because it is primarily in parts of Africa
S. mansoni
55
is limited in the Far East which includes parts of China, Indonesia, and the Philippines
S. japonicum

Parasitology (6 decks)

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