Trematodes

Question 1

trematodes look like what?

Answer 1

flat, fleshy, leaf looking

Question 2

what is another name for trematodes?

Answer 2

flukes

Question 3

what are the most often intermediate hosts?

Answer 3

snails and shellfish

Question 4

what is the reservoir of trematodes?

Answer 4

natural reservoirs

Question 5

humans are what type of hosts?

how do humans become hosts?

Answer 5

definitive

ingestion of operculated eggs

Question 6

what is a major clue to determining an infection with trematodes?

Answer 6

they will induce eosinophilia

Question 7

what is the treatment for trematodes?

Answer 7

Praziquantel*

Question 8

what is the major diagnostical tool to determine trematode infection?

Answer 8

detection of eggs in stool

Question 9

what are the medically important species of trematodes?

Answer 9

1. Fasciolopsis buski
2. Fasciola hepatica
3. Paragonimus westermani
4. Schistosoma sp.

Question 10

what is another name for Fasciolopsis buski ?

Answer 10

Giant intestinal fluke

Question 11

how do humans acquire Fasciolopsis buski?

Answer 11

ingestion of water vegetation (eg.chestnuts)*

Question 12

where does the giant fluke stay (what part of the intestine?)?

Answer 12

small intestine

Question 13

what symptoms will pt present with?

Answer 13

abdominal pain (resembles duodenal ulcer), diarrhea

Eosinophilia *

operculated eggs in stool*

Question 14

what is another name for Fasciola hepatica?

Answer 14

Sheep Liver Fluke

Question 15

how do we acquire fasciola hepatica?

Answer 15

Ingestion of watercress *

Question 16

the adult worm from fasciola hepatica will damage what organs?

Answer 16

liver, bile ducts *

Question 17

when will fasciola hepatica cause hepatomegaly, eosinophilia *?

Answer 17

when the parasite is migrating through the liver

Question 18

when will fasciola hepatica cause hepatitis, biliary obstruction?

Answer 18

when there is infestation of bile ducts

Question 19

what will be a good diagnostic test for determining infection with fasciola hepatica?

Answer 19

operculated eggs in stool

Question 20

what is another name for Paragonimus westermani?

Answer 20

Lung Fluke

Question 21

how do we acquire Lung Fluke?

Answer 21

Eating uncooked crabmeat / crayfish (larvae) *

Question 22

where will we find the adult Paragonimus westermani?

Answer 22

in lungs *

Question 23

when the Paragonimus westermani larva migrate we will see what symptoms?

Answer 23

fever, eosinophilia *

Question 24

what symptoms will be seen with Paragonimus westermani infection?

Answer 24

Cough, blood-tinged sputum *, chronic bronchitis

Question 25

how do you detect an infection with Paragonimus westermani ?

Answer 25

operculated eggs in **sputum** Sputum, pleural effusion \*

Question 26

what is this?

Answer 26

eggs of Paragonimus

Question 27

what is another name for Schistosomes?

Answer 27

blood flukes

Question 28

in what country are blood fluke more prevalent?

Answer 28

Egypt

Question 29

who is the intermediate for Schistosomes?

Answer 29

Snails are intermediate host to produce larva (cercariae)

Question 30

how is Schistosomes acquired?

Answer 30

Penetration of skin by cercariae in fresh water \*

Question 31

The adult blood flukes are what kind of parasites?

Answer 31

obligate intravascular parasites, \*

Question 32

what are the 3 medically important species of Schistosomes?

Answer 32

* mansoni * japonicum * haematobium

Question 33

how do you diagnose Schistosomes?

Answer 33

Eggs in stool have spines \*

Question 34

what is the treatment for Schistosomes?

Answer 34

Praziquantel

Question 35

what are 2 types of schistosomes?

Answer 35

S. mansoni & S.japonicum

Question 36

S. mansoni & S.japonicum are found where in the body?

Answer 36

Flukes in mesenteric veins \*

Question 37

how do you diagnose s. mansoni & s. japonicum?

Answer 37

Eggs - stool \* (eggs have lateral spines)

Question 38

S.haemtobium will present with what symptoms?

Answer 38

Hematuria, urinary frequency \*

Question 39

how do you diagnose S. haemotobium?

Answer 39

Eggs - urine \* (terminal spine)

Question 40

what cancer is s. haemtobium associated with?

Answer 40

chronic infection is associated with squamous cell carcinoma

Question 41

S. Mansoni and S. japonicum is related to what disease? what will it cause?

Answer 41

KATAMAYA DISEASE (acute) causes: portal hypertension

Question 42

S. haematobium is associated with propagation of what in Egypt?

Answer 42

HCV

Question 43

what cancer occurs with S. haematobium?

Answer 43

bladder carcinoma