Trends and Compounds

Question 1

atomic radius

Answer 1

measured from centre of nucleus to valence orbit

Question 2

AR trends

Answer 2

down a group: inc
across a period: dec from left to right

Question 3

why does atomic radius inc down a group

Answer 3

the number of orbits inc

Question 4

why does the atomic radius decrease across a period

Answer 4

when the number of protons inc, the attraction with the electons also inc, SHRINKING the orbits

Question 5

ionic radius

Answer 5

cation: is less than AR
anion: is greater than AR

Question 6

ionization energy

Answer 6

energy absorbed by an atom to allow it to lost an electron

Question 7

IE trends

Answer 7

down a group: decreases from top to bottom
across a period: increases from left to right

Question 8

why does ie dec from top to bottom

Answer 8

as attraction dec, the energy needed to remove electrons also dec

Question 9

why does ie inc across a period

Answer 9

inc attraction = harder to lost e- = more energy needed to remove e-

Question 10

electron affinity

Answer 10

energy released from an atom after gaining an atom

Question 11

EA trends

Answer 11

down a group: dec from top to bottom
across a period: inc from left to right

Question 12

why does ea dec from top to bottom

Answer 12

AR increases, valence e- are further from nucleus, dec. attraction, harder to gain e-
THEREFOREEEE, less energy left over to be released

Question 13

why does ea inc across a period

Answer 13

AR dec, valence e- are closer, inc attraction
THEREFORE, more energy left over

Question 14

most reactive metal

Answer 14

francium

Question 15

most reactive nm

Answer 15

fluorine

Question 16

electronegativity

Answer 16

measure of an atoms ability to attract electrons towards itself in a chem bond
can be affected by IE, EA, AR, reactivity

Question 17

EN trends

Answer 17

F is set highest value = 4.0
decreases left + down from fluorine
noble gases = 0 (bc unreactive nonchalant baddie #slay)

Question 18

ionic vs molecular compounds

Answer 18

ionic held by ionic bonds, molecular held by covalent bonds (refer to EN)

Question 19

ionic properties

Answer 19

hard and brittle at standard atmospheric temperature& pressure
solids form a crystal lattice pattern
high melting/boiling pts
soluble in watah
electrolytes when molten/dissolved in h2o (conductive)

Question 20

molecular properties

Answer 20

solid/liquid/gas as SATP
solids form a crystal lattice pattern
low melting/boiling pts
insoluble in wtaer
not conductive

Question 21

polyatomic properties

Answer 21

solid at SATP
conduct electircity when melted/inwater
soluble in water
high melting/boiling pts

Question 22

ionic uses

Answer 22

mg, na, k are major parts of blood plasma
ca forms the bones and teeth
i prevents goiters

Question 23

molecular uses

Answer 23

acetic acid - vinegar
ibuprofen - drugs
polyethene - plastic bottles, clothes

Question 24

polyatomic uses

Answer 24

js memorize it off the sheet idk

Question 25

1+ oxygen atom (4, 5 for P/S)

Answer 25

per___ate

Question 26

standard (3, 4O for P/S)

Answer 26

___ate

Question 27

1- oxygen atom (2, 3 for P/S)

Answer 27

___ite

Question 28

2- oxygen atom (1, 2 for P/S)

Answer 28

hypo___ite

Question 29

majority of charges:

Answer 29

1-

Question 30

other charges

Answer 30

COx, SOx (2-), POx (3-)

Question 31

prefixesss

Answer 31

1 - mono 2 - di 3 - tri 4 - tetra 5 - penta 6 - hexa 7- hepta 8 - octa 9 - nona 10 - deca 11 - undeca 12 - dodeca