Tri 2 Exam

Question 1

impulses are transmitted away from neurons using this structure

Answer 1

axon

Question 2

lipid material that insulates axons and helps to speed impulse transmission

Answer 2

myelin

Question 3

root-like structure, brings impulses towards neuron

Answer 3

dendrite

Question 4

neurotransmitters are released from this location for communication with other neurons

Answer 4

synaptic knob

Question 5

uninsulated bare spots on an axon

Answer 5

node of ranvier

Question 6

the smallest neuroglia; phagocytize bacteria and clean up cellular debris

Answer 6

microglia

Question 7

star-shaped cells that regulate concentration of ions; induce synaptic formation

Answer 7

astrocyte

Question 8

cells line the ventricles of the brain; have cilia to move cerebrospinal fluid

Answer 8

ependymal cell

Question 9

detects damage to tissue

Answer 9

pain receptor

Question 10

detects changes in light

Answer 10

photo receptors

Question 11

detects chemical changes

Answer 11

chemo receptors

Question 12

detects changes in temperature

Answer 12

thermo receptors

Question 13

sensations of touch and taste

Answer 13

mechanoreceptors

Question 14

sensations of touch and taste

Answer 14

mechanoreceptors

Question 15

“make us human” sensory, associative, motor and voluntary movements part of brain

Answer 15

cerebrum

Question 16

coordinates voluntary movements; equilibrium and balance

Answer 16

cerebellum

Question 17

homeostasis; links nervous and endocrine systems (pituitary gland)

Answer 17

hypothalamus

Question 18

white matter; the crossover point between left and right hemispheres of the cerebrum

Answer 18

corpus callosum

Question 19

involuntary functions; cardiac, respiratory and vasomotor centers

Answer 19

medulla oblongata

Question 20

source is pancreas; decreases blood sugar concentration; converts glucose into glycogen in liver; helps sugar enter the body

Answer 20

insulin

Question 21

source is anterior pituitary; sustains milk production by the mammary glands AFTER birth of child

Answer 21

prolactin

Question 22

source is the pancreas; targets the liver and body cells, increases blood sugar; breaks down glycogen into glucose

Answer 22

glucagon

Question 23

source is the adrenal cortex; regulates electrolytes and water balance in kidneys, conserves sodium, excretes potassium ions; regulates blood pressure

Answer 23

aldosterone

Question 24

source is anterior pituitary; egg release by ovaries in females (ovulation); sperm production in testes in males; promotes secretion of sex hormones

Answer 24

LH

Question 25

source is the posterior pituitary; causes kidneys to conserve water by decreasing urination; helps retain water, caffeine inhibits its production

Answer 25

ADH

Question 26

source is the posterior pituitary; causes kidneys to conserve water by decreasing urination; helps retain water, caffeine inhibits its production

Answer 26

ADH

Question 27

source is anterior pituitary; maturation of eggs in ovaries, maturation of sperm in males, controls estrogen secretion

Answer 27

FSH

Question 28

most numerous of the WBCs; 2-5 lobed nucleus is common

Answer 28

neutrophil

Question 29

phagocytizes small foreign particles and bacteria

Answer 29

neutrophil

Question 30

"controls" the inflammatory response and allergic reactions

Answer 30

eosinophils

Question 31

"triggers" the inflammatory response and allergic reactions

Answer 31

basophils

Question 32

phagocytizes large foreign particles, can become a macrophage; largest WBC

Answer 32

monocyte

Question 33

specialized WBCs involved with the immune response; last line of defense

Answer 33

lymphocyte

Question 34

contain no functioning nucleus but has fragments of a nucleus, makes it appear as though cytoplasmic granules are present, but they are not

Answer 34

platelets

Question 35

medium in size most numerous (Blood cell type_

Answer 35

RBC

Question 36

fights infection

Answer 36

WBC

Question 37

oxygen rich blood enters the heart in this chamber

Answer 37

left atrium

Question 38

oxygen poor blood enters the heart in this chamber

Answer 38

right atrium

Question 39

oxygen rich blood exits this chamber of heart

Answer 39

left ventricle

Question 40

oxygen poor blood exits this chamber of the heart

Answer 40

right ventricle

Question 41

keeps blood moving in correct direction from the left atrium to left ventricle; prevents backflow

Answer 41

bicuspid valve

Question 42

prevents blood flowing backwards from right ventricle to right atrium

Answer 42

tricuspid valve

Question 43

carries oxygen rich blood from lungs to heart

Answer 43

pulmonary vein

Question 44

carries oxygen poor blood from heart to lungs

Answer 44

pulmonary artery