TRIBALS, DIKUS AND THE VISION OF A GOLDEN AGE

Question 1

BIRSA WAS BORN IN A FAMILY OF ______, A TRIBAL GROUP THAT LIVED IN CHOTTANAGPUR. BUT HIS FOLLOWERS INCLUDED OTHER TRIBALS OF THE REGION- SANTHALS AND ORAONS.

Answer 1

MUNDAS.

Question 2

LOCAL WEAVERS AND LEATHER WORKERS TURNED TO THE GHONDS WHEN THEY NEEDED SUPPLIES OF _______&_______ TO COLOUR THEIR CLOTHES AND LEATHER.

Answer 2

KUSUM AND PALASH FLOWERS.

Question 3

______ TRIBE OF CENTRAL INDIA- WERE RELUCTANT TO DO WORK FOR OTHERS. THEY SAW THEMSELVES AS PEOPLE OF THE FOREST, WHO COULD ONLY LIVE ON THE PRODUCE OF THE FOREST.

Answer 3

BAIGAS. IT WAS BELOW THE DIGNITY OF A BAIGA TO BECOME A LABOURER.

Question 4

TRIBALS
1. VAN GUJJARS OF THE _______ AND THE LABADIS OF _______ WERE CATTLE HERDERS.
2. GADDIS OF ______ WERE SHEPHERDS.
3. BAKARWALS OF _______ REARED GOATS.

Answer 4

1. PUNJAB HILLS, ANDHRA PRADESH.
2. KULU.
3. KASHMIR.

Question 5

OF ALL THE ADIVASIS IN CENTRAL INDIA, THE _______ WERE KNOWN AS BEST HUNTERS.

Answer 5

BAIGAS.

Question 6

TERM BEWAR MEANING?

Answer 6

A TERM USED FOR SHIFTING CULTIVATION IN MADHYA PRADESH.

Question 7

BRITISH OFFICIALS SAW SETTLED TRIBAL GROUPS LIKE THE _____&_____ AS MORE CIVILIZED THAN HUNTER GATHERERS OR SHIFTING CULTIVATORS.

Answer 7

GONDS AND SANTHALS.

Question 8

WHAT HAPPENED TO TRIBAL CHIEFS UNDER BRITISH RULE?

Answer 8

THE FUNCTIONS AND POWERS OF TRIBAL CHIEFS CHANGED CONSIDERABLY.
1. THEY WERE ALLOWED TO KEEP THEIR LAND TITLES OVER A CLUSTER OF VILLAGES AND RENT OUT LANDS, BUT THEY LOST MUCH OF THEIR ADMINISTRATIVE POWER AND WERE FORCED TO FOLLOW THE LAWS MADE BY THE BRITISH OFFICIALS IN INDIA.
2. THEY ALSO HAD TO PAY TRIBUTE TO THE BRITISH AND DISCIPLINE THE TRIBAL GROUPS ON BEHALF OF THE BRITISH.
3. THEY LOST THE AUTHORITY THEY HAD EARLIER ENJOYED AMONGST THEIR PEOPLE, AND WERE UNABLE TO FULFIL THEIR TRADITIONAL FUNCTIONS.

Question 9

WHAT HAPPENED TO THE SHIFTING CULTIVATORS UNDER THE BRITISH?

Answer 9

1. BRITISH INTRODUCED LAND SETTLEMENTS- THAT IS, THEY MEASURED THE LAND, DEFINED THE RIGHTS OF EACH INDIVIDUAL TO THAT LAND, AND FIXED THE REVENUE DEMAND FOR THE STATE. SOME PEASANTS WERE DECLARED LANDOWNERS, OTHERS TENANTS.
2. BRITISH TRIED TO SETTLE THE JHUM CULTIVATORS BUT FAILED. THE JHUM CULTIVATORS IN NORTH EAST INDIA INSISTED ON CONTINUING WITH THEIR TRADITIONAL PRACTICE. FACING WIDESPREAD PROTESTS, THE BRITISH HAD TO ULTIMATELY ALLOW THEM THE RIGHT TO CARRY ON SHIFTING CULTIVATION IN SOME PARTS OF THE FOREST.

Question 10

REVOLT OF SONGRAM SANGAMA OCCURRED IN. YEAR AND STATE?

Answer 10

1906 IN ASSAM.

Question 11

1. ______, IN PRESENT DAY JHARKHAND, WAS AN AREA WHERE THE SANTHALS REARED COCOONS.
2. THE GROWERS WERE PAID RS 3 TO RS 4 FOR A THOUSAND COCOONS. THESE WERE THEN EXPORTED TO BURDWAN OR GAYA WHERE THEY WERE SOLD AT ______ TIMES THE PRICE.

Answer 11

1. HAZARIBAGH.
2. FIVE TIMES THE PRICE.

Question 12

1. BASTAR REBELLION
2. WARLI REVOLT
3. SANTHALS REVOLT
4. KOLS REBELLION
   ARRANGE IN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER?

Answer 12

1. KOLS REBELLION- 1831-32
2. SANTHALS REVOLT- 1855
3. BASTAR REBELLION IN CENTRAL INDIA- 1910
4. WARLI REVOLT IN MAHARASHTRA- 1940.

Question 13

AIM OF BIRSA MUNDA TO REFORM TRIBAL SOCIETY?

Answer 13

1. HE URGED THE MUNDAS TO GIVE UP DRINKING LIQUOR, CLEAN THEIR VILLAGE, AND STOP BELIEVING IN SORCERY.
2. HE WANTED TO DRIVE OUT THE MISSIONARIES, MONEYLENDERS, HINDU LANDLORDS, AND THE GOVERNMENT AND SET UP A MUNDA RAJ WITH BIRSA AT ITS HEAD.

Question 14

BRITISH INTRODUCED A FEUDAL ZAMIDARI SYSTEM IN CHOTTANAGPUR REGION WHICH DESTROYED THE TRIBAL AGRARIAN SYSTEM WHICH WAS KNOWN AS?

Answer 14

THE KHUNTKATTI SYSTEM.

Question 15

1. DURING 1880s, BIRSA CLOSELY WITNESSED THE SARDARI LARAI MOVEMENT IN THE REGION, WHICH DEMANDED THE RESTORATION OF TRIBAL RIGHTS THROUGH NON VIOLENT METHODS LIKE SENDING PETETIONS TO THE RAJ.
2. THE FEUDAL SETUP INTENSIFIED THE FORCED LABOUR (VETH BIGARI) IN FORESTED TRIBAL AREAS.
3. BIRSA IMPRESSED UPON ADIVASIS THE IMPORTANCE OF SIRMARE FIRUN RAJA JAI OR VICTORY TO THE ANCESTRAL KING.
   TRUE/FALSE.

Answer 15

ALL ARE TRUE.

Question 16

WHAT DOES CHOTTANAGPUR TENANCY ACT OF 1908 SAYS?

Answer 16

1. RESTRICTED THE TRANSFER OF TRIBAL LAND TO NON TRIBALS GIVING ADIVASIS A HUGE RELIEF AND BECAME A LANDMARK LEGISLATION FOR THE PROTECTION OF TRIBAL RIGHTS.
2. BRITISH REGIME ALSO TOOK STEPS TO ABOLISH VETH BIGARI OR FORCED LABOUR.

Question 17

1. THE LAND POLICIES OF THE BRITISH WERE DESTROYING THEIR TRADITIONAL LAND SYSTEM, HINDU LANDLORDS AND MONEYLENDERS WERE TAKING OVER THEIR LAND, AND MISSIONARIES WERE CRITICIZING THEIR TRADITIONAL CULTURE.
2. FOLLOWERS OF BIRSA MUNDA RAISED THE WHITE FLAG AS A SYMBOL OF BIRSA RAJ.
   TRUE/FALSE.

Answer 17

BOTH TRUE.

Question 18

WHY THE BIRSA MOVEMENT FADED?

Answer 18

BIRSA DIED OF CHOLERA IN 1900 AND THE MOVEMENT FADED.

Question 19

WAS THE BIRSA MOVEMENT SIGNIFICANT?

Answer 19

YES
1. IT FORCED THE COLONIAL GOVERNMENT TO INTRODUCE LAWS SO THAT THE LAND OF THE TRIBALS COULD NOT BE EASILY TAKEN OVER BY DIKUS. CHOTTANAGPUR TENANCY ACT 1908.
2. IT SHOWED ONCE AGAIN THAT THE TRIBAL PEOPLE HAD THE CAPACITY TO PROTECT AGAINST INJUSTICE AND EXPOSE THEIR ANGER AGAINST COLONIAL RULE.

Question 20

BOOK BIRSA MUNDA AND HIS MOVEMENTS IS WRITTEN BY?

Answer 20

KUMAR SURESH SINGH.