Trigeminal lec Flashcards
What is the trigeminal ganglion formed by
The sensory root
What does the trigeminal ganglion convey
Sensations of pain, temperature, touch, proprioception
Pressure from skin, muscles, TMJ, mucous membranes and teeth
When does the Motor root join V3
After exiting skull
Where does the trigeminal ganglion lie
On the petrous part of temporal lobe in middle cranial fossa
Where do the 3 divisions leave through
Ophthalmic nerve - Superior orbital fissure
Maxillary nerve - Foramen rotundum
Mandibular nerve - Foramen ovale
Describe the ophthalmic nerve
- Within the orbit, it travels superior to the eye as the supraorbital nerve - supplies cutaneous innervation to forehead
- Lateral nasal nerve - supplies innervation to the lateral nose
What are some contents of the pterygopalatine fossa
- Pterygopalatine ganglion
- Posterior superior alveolar nerve
What are some of the branches of the maxillary nerves
- PSAN
- Infraorbital nerve - forms MSAN + PSAN
- Zygomatic nerve
- Zygomaticotemporal nerve
- Zygomaticofacial nerve
- Palatine nerve
- Greater palatine nerve
- Lesser palatine nerve
- Pharyngeal nerve
What nerve block is used for the palatal gingiva of molars and pre-molars
Apply anaesthetic to greater palatine nerve as it leaves the greater palatine foramen
What nerve block is used for the palatal gingiva of the incisors
Nasopalatine nerve block as it exits the incisive foramen AND greater palatine nerve block
Why is applying anaesthetic to the palatal gingiva of the incisors difficult
It is innervated by 2 nerves - greater palatine nerve + nasopalatine nerve
What does the PSAN innervate
the molars
Why could there be complications with the PSAN block
Potential infection
How do you anesthetise the maxillary pre-molars
Apply anaesthetic to the NSAN and the infraorbital nerve
How do you anesthatise the maxillary canines and incisors
The ASAN and inferior orbital nerve
Where do the motor and sensory roots of the mandibular nerve merge
In the infratemporal fossa
What does the mandibular nerve innervate
The muscles of mastication
What are the anterior trunks of the mandibular nerve
- Deep temporal nerve
- Nerve to masseter
- Nerve to lateral pterygoid
- Long buccal nerve
What are the anterior trunks of the mandibular nerve
- Auriculotemporal nerve
- Lingual nerve
- Inferior alveolar nerve
Describe the auriculotemporal nerve
- Sensory fibres only
- Transmits secretomotor fibres to parotid gland
- Splits around middle meningeal artery
- Sensory info to auricle + temporal skin, TMJ
Describe the lingual nerve
- Sensory fibres only
- Transmits secretomotor & taste fibres to submandibular + sublingual glands and anterior 2/3 of tongue
- Sensory to anterior 2/3 of tongue + mandibular lingual gingivae
Describe the inferior alveolar nerve
- Sensory + motor fibres
- Nerve to mylohyoid
- Enters mandibular foramen
- Sensory to mandibular teeth, some mandibular buccal gingivae + chin
What does the inferior alveolar nerve enter through?
What does it innervate?
What does it split into?
- Enters mandibular canal
- Innervates mandibular molars and second pre-molars
- Splits into terminal branches: incisive and mental
- Incisive innervates rest of mandibular teeth
- Mental exits mental foramen to innervate chin, lower
lip, and buccal gingivae of incisors, canine, and pre-
molars
Describe the long buccal nerve
- Branch of anterior trunk
- Innervates buccal gingiva of mandibular molars
