Trigeminal Nerve 2 Flashcards
Where does the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve travel before it branches
Passes through the foramen ovale into the infratemporal fossa where it branches
What are the anterior, lateral and medial boundaries of the infratemporal fossa
Anterior - posterior aspect of maxilla
Lateral - ramus of the mandible
Medial - lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone
What are the posterior, superior and inferior boundaries of the infratemporal fossa
Posterior - tympanic plate, mastoid and styloid processes
Superior - infratemporal crest of sphenoid bone
Inferior - angle of the mandible
What supplies the skin over the angle of the mandible
The cervical plexus with the great auricular nerve - C2,3
What are the main branches of CN Vc
Auriculotemporal Buccal Mental Lingual Muscular
What nerves of CN Vc branch from the main trunk
Meningeal branch
Branch to tensor tympani
Branch to tensor veil palatini
Nerve to medial pterygoid
What nerves of CN Vc branch from the anterior trunk
Deep temporal nerves
Nerve to lateral pterygoid
Buccal nerve
Masseteric nerve
What nerves of CN Vc branch from the posterior trunk
Auriculotemporal nerve
Lingual nerve
Inferior alveolar nerve
Describe the modalities of the nerves branching from the main trunk
All motor apart from the meningeal nerve which is sensory to the dura mater
Describe the modalities of the nerves branching from the anterior trunk
All motor apart from the buccal nerve which is sensory
Describe the modalities of the nerves branching from the posterior trunk
All sensory apart from the inferior alveolar nerve that is mixed
Sensory component goes inside the mandibular bone, motor component comes off as the nerve to mylohyoid
What does CN Vc supply
General sensation to the floor of the mouth, lower teeth and gums
General sensation to the anterior 2/3rd of the tongue via the lingual nerve
Temple
Auricle
Chin
Cheek - posteriorly and laterally
What happens if a patient experiences injury to CN Vc
They will experience trigeminal neuralgia - terrible pain
Usually in Vc but can happen occasionally in Vb
Describe the general sensory supply to the oral cavity from CN Vc
Buccal nerve to cheek and lateral gum
Inferior alveolar nerve and its branch, the incisive nerve to lower teeth
Inferior alveolar nerve to skin of chin and lower lip as the mental nerve
What does the nerve to mylohyoid supply
Motor to the mylohyoid and the anterior belly of digastric
Which nerves supply the mandibular teeth
Main trunk of inferior alveolar nerve supplies posterior teeth
Incisive branch of inferior alveolar nerve supplies anterior teeth
Which nerves supply the mandibular gingivae
Lingual nerve
Buccal nerve
Mental nerve from inferior alveolar nerve
What nerves supply the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue
General sensation via the lingual nerve Special sensation (taste) supplied via a branch in the facial nerve called the chorda tympani
Which muscles does CN Vc supply
Muscles of mastication Tensor tympani Tensor palatini Mylohyoid Anterior belly of digastric
How is CN Vc tested clinically and why is this done
Jaw jerk reflex
Sensory info is passed through the trigeminal into the mesencephalic nucleus which deals with proprioception
From here it connects to the motor nucleus in the pons which will send info out to deal with the reflex
What causes shingles
Reactivation of the varicella zoster virus in the trigeminal ganglion
What are the signs of shingles
Erythematous, vesicular, crusting rash with burning sensation
Hutchinson’s sign - cutaneous involvement of the tip of the nose
Conjunctivitis, keratitis and uveitis
