trophic levels

Question 1

trophic level 1

Answer 1

PRODUCER

use photosynthesis to produce their own energy (where all the energy comes from)

e.g. plant, algae

Question 2

trophic level 2

Answer 2

PRIMARY CONSUMERS
(herbivores)

first organisms in the food chain that consume other organisms

e.g. rabbits

Question 3

trophic level 3

Answer 3

SECONDARY CONSUMERS
(carnivores)

second level of consumers

e.g. snakes

Question 4

trophic level 4

Answer 4

TERTIARY CONSUMERS
(carnivores)

third (and usually last) level of consumers

Question 5

omnivores

Answer 5

eat both producers and consumers so they DO NOT fit into the trophic levels

Question 6

how is energy passed through the trophic levels?

Answer 6

producers — herbivores
— carnivores

(passed in the form of food)

ENERGY GETS LOST

Question 7

JOULES

Answer 7

10% of energy is lost when it is passed on

TL 1 — 1000J
TL 2 — 100J
TL 3 — 10J
TL 4 — 1J

Question 8

apex predators

Answer 8

carnivores at the very top of the food chain without any predators

Question 9

detrivores & decomposers

Answer 9

decompose dead plant / animal matter in the environment

Question 10

decomposers

Answer 10

do NOT eat organisms but DIGESTS them by releasing enzymes onto the remains to break them down into simpler substances

Question 11

e.g. fungi, bacteria

Answer 11

some of the digested material is then absorbed into the decomposers own cells

Question 12

scavengers

Answer 12

an animal that feeds on a dead organism remains

Question 13

scavengers vs predators

Answer 13

predators hunt and kill prey

scavengers search for dead prey