Troubles neurodéveloppementaux Flashcards
(180 cards)
what is “global developmental delay”
a diagnosis for individuals UNDER AGE OF 5
used when clinical severity level cannot be reliably assessed during early childhood
given when child fails to meet expected developmental milestones in SEVERAL areas of intellectual functioning
applies to individuals who are unale to undergo systematic assessments of intellectual functioning (including children who are too young to participate in standardized testing)
requires reassessment after a period of time
what is the prevalence of ADHD in kids and teens
5-9%
list 3 neuropsychological/psychoeducational evaluation tools that may be helpful in assessing ADHD
Wide Range Assessment of Learning and Memory
California Verbal Learning Test
Wisconsin Card Sort Test
list 3 computerized cognitive assessments that were specifically designed to assess attention and response inhibition, and can be useful in assessing ADHD
Conners Continuous Performance Test
Test of Variables of Attention
Gordon Diagnostic System
what differences might be seen on EEG in kids with ADHD vs teens/adults
increased theta waves
decreased alpha/beta waves
what questionnaire should be given to parents/teachers for ADHD assessment of a child
SNAP-IV
what is a tool to assess functional impact of a mentalhealth concern
Weiss Functional Impairment Rating Scale
What are the 3 most common comorbidities with ADHD in CHILDHOOD
ODD, learning disabilties (often language), anxiety–> early childhood
anxiety and tic disorders more prominent in middle childhood
What are the 3 most common comorbidities with ADHD in TEENS
learning disabilities
mood disorders
SUDs
What are the most common comorbidities with ADHD in ADULTHOOD
anxiety, depression, SUD, borderline PD
(+ learning disability still)
list common medical conditions wiht overlap with ADHD
hearing/vision impairment
thyroid function
hypoglycemia
severe anemia
lead poisoning
sleep disorders
FASD
neurofibromatosis
list 2 medications with psychomotor side effects that may resemble or worsen ADHD
mood stabilizers (cognitive dulling)
decongestants, beta agonists (psychomotor agitation)
what factor confers worse prognosis for comorbid CD and ADHD
if onset of CD is before age 10
CD + ADHD has poorer outcome than ADHD or CD alone
what is a treatable risk factor for ASPD
ADHD
what are the main goals of treatment in comorbid ADHD and borderline PD
stabilizing impulsive behaviours
optimizing emotional regulation
what are the principles of management of ADHD + addictions
specific intervention for addictive behaviour + specific intervention for ADHD
ideally CONCURRENTLY
what are the principles of management of ADHD + addictions
specific intervention for addictive behaviour + specific intervention for ADHD
ideally CONCURRENTLY
do people with ADHD have higher risk for substance abuse/misuse
yes–> about 2x risk
?underlying poor self esteem + impulsivity
what % of teens with SUD have ADHD
50%
what % of adults with SUD have ADHD
about 25%
what is the most commonly abused agent in ADHD
cannabis
why do we care about substance use problems in ADHD
can increase severity of ADHD sx
can also mimic ADHD
why might early stimulant treatment for ADHD be important
reduces or delays SUD–> protective effect may be lost in adulthood
which class of stimulant has lower abuse potential
methylphenidate
–> slower dissociation from site of action
–> slower uptake into the striatum
–> slower binding/dissociation with DAT (vs cocaine)
–> oral admin, decreases likability of a substance
–> not associated with euphoria if used parenterally
*also long acting meds have less abuse liability