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Flashcards in TS Deck (12)
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1
Q

Requirements

A

Deep unstable layer, up drafts, steep lapse rate, humidity, latent heat, a trigger

2
Q

Heat and thermal ts

A

Surface heating, ELR is steeper, produces convection and condensation, early afternoon, doesn’t move very much

3
Q

Air mass ts

A

Cooler air moving over a warmer surface, creates inversion, warm air underneath creates instability, not going to move very much

4
Q

Frontal ts

A

Cold front forces warm air above it, creating an unstable condition, due to surface friction an inversion is caused, moves with the front

5
Q

Squall line

A

Line of frontal ts

6
Q

Orographic ts

A

Air is pushed up due to geography of the land, creates instability, form in night and day, doesn’t move very much

7
Q

Features of the building stage

A

Updrafts, 20mins, 60/100kts vertical flows at 5000 ft per min, strong vertical currents, 30m/s

8
Q

Mature phase

A

Updrafts and downdrafts, precipitation, more latent heat due to rain, air cooled due to rain which increases down drafts, 100kts at about 10,000 ft per min, about 20 mins, gust fronts and micro bursts, lots of hazards

9
Q

Dissipating stage

A

Cloud base starts to evaporate, anvil remains, cold downdrafts, 1.5 to 2.5 hours, downdrafts kill off updrafts, still precipitation

10
Q

Supercell ts

A

Winds aloft push downdrafts away from updrafts, ts remains powerful, wind creates a spiral motion, shelf cloud at lower levels, tornados, covers a large area, only killed my a reduction in winds aloft, lasts for a few hours.

11
Q

Multi-cell ts

A

Multiple cells developing within an area

12
Q

MCAs

A

Mesoscale convective areas, groups and clusters of cu/cb developments, equatorial trough, can last 2-3 days and be 100 km across s