Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Last minute exam cram > Tuesday OSCE > Flashcards

Tuesday OSCE Flashcards

(77 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

straw coloured urine indicates

A

normal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

dark coloured urine indicates

A

dehydration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

red urine indicates

A

macroscopic haematuria, rifampicin, beetroot or porphyria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

brown urine indicated

A

bile, myoglobin, anti-malarial drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

clear urine would indicate

A

normal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

cloudy urine would indicate

A

UTI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

frothy urine would indicate

A

nephrotic syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

offensive smelling urine would indicate

A

UTI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

sweet smelling urine would indicate

A

glycosuria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

specific gravity is a measure of

A

urine concentration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

key renal questions

A

fever, dysuria, frequency, urgency, haematuria, nocturia, hesitancy, dribbling, poor stream, incontinence, N+V

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

inspecting the posterior aspect of the spine, what are you looking for?

A

posture of the head, neck + shoulders. check for thoracolumbar scoliosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

inspecting the spine from the side, what are you looking for?

A

cervical lordosis, thoracic kyphosis, lumbar lordosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

why do you ask the patient to shrug their shoulders during palpation?

A

to feel in the supraclavicular fossa for cervical ribs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are you feeling for in the midline of the spine?

A

spinous processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

two things to check for in the iliac region?

A

iliac crest height, sacroiliac joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

why do you check for chest expansion in palpation of the spine?

A

reduced chest expansion can be a sign of AK

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

describe the movement of the cervical spine in the spine exam

A

flexion/extension, rotation and lateral flexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

describe the movement of the lumbar spine in the spinal exam

A

flexion (schobers test), extension and lateral flexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is schobers test?

A

mark the sacroiliac joints, measure 10cm above 5 cm below , ask patient to bend forward, should increase to 20cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what are you inspecting the anterior aspect of shoulder for?

A

contour of shoulder, deltoid + trapezium muscle bulk, SC and ACJ joints, clavicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what are you inspecting the lateral aspect of shoulder for?

A

scars and shoulder contour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what are you inspecting the posterior aspect of shoulder for?

A

SC ACJ joints, supraspinatus and infraspinatus fossa for wasting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what are you inspecting the axilla for during the shoulder exam?

A

scapula symmetry, swellings and scars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
what do you palpate in the shoulder exam?
SC joints, clavicle, ACJ joint, acromion, long head of biceps, scapula; spine and body.
26
describe the movements tested in the shoulder exam
1. external rotation 2. forward flexion 3. abduction 4. internal rotation
27
what is the normal degree of external rotation in shoulder?
70o
28
what is the normal degree of forward flexion in the shoulder
150-170o
29
what is the normal degree of abduction in the shoulder
160-180o
30
what is the normal level of internal rotation in the shoulder
T5
31
what muscles are you testing during scapula winging?
serratus anterior, long thoracic nerve
32
what movement tests supraspinatus?
like movement like Jobes
33
what movement tests infraspinatus?
same movement as external rotation, ask patient to push against your hands
34
what movement tests subscapularis?
hand on bum, push off
35
special tests for impingement/rotator cuff pathology in shoulder exam?
painful arc, Hawkins-kennedy, Jobes, Scarf test
36
what special tests for instability of shoulder?
sulcus, A+P drawer tests, anterior apprehension and relocation, posterior apprehension
37
during the knee exam, patient standing what are you looking for?
limb alignment, muscle bulk, popliteal fossae
38
what do you look for during gait?
pace, symmetry, gross gait abnormality, walking aids
39
during the knee exam, patient lying on the couch, what are you looking for?
erythema, skin changes, bruising, scars, hair changes, swelling
40
during the knee exam, how many sides do you palpate?
one side only, affected
41
during the knee exam, straight leg raise is testing what?
extensor mechanism
42
what are the two effusion tests during the knee exam?
patellar tap and medial gutter sweep
43
what do you palpate for during the knee exam?
temperature, tibial tuberosity, effusion, patellar tendon, patellar instability, patellar grind test, medial and lateral joint line, collateral ligaments, cruciate ligaments
44
what test do you do if there is tenderness over the joint line in the knee?
Steinnmans, remember to twist the foot! not the leg
45
what stress do you apply to test the medial collateral ligament?
valgus stress
46
what movements do you test in the knee exam?
flexion, extension
47
what special test is at the end of the knee exam, if indicated?
heel height testing
48
three screening questions at the start of the GALS exam?
do you have any pain in the joints/muscles/back ATM? can you dress yourself? can you get up and down stairs ok?
49
GALS; patient standing in anatomical position what are you looking for?
muscle bulk of; shoulder, glutes, quads, calves. limb alignment; spine, iliac crest height spine; scoliosis, lordosis and kyphosis popliteal swellings foot abnormalities
50
GALS; first movement in the arm section?
hands behind head; testing shoulder abduction, external rotation, elbow flexion
51
GALS; describe the arms part of the exam?
hands behind head, hands held out make a fist; assess power grip, hand + wrist function, range of finger movement, squeeze fingers squeeze MCPs
52
GALS; describe the spine part of the exam?
cervical spine; lateral flexion | lumbar spine; lumbar flexion
53
GALS; describe the legs part of the exam?
``` knees; flexion, extension and crepitus hip; internal rotation patellar tap inspect feet; swelling deformity and callous squeeze across MTPs ```
54
SKIN; important HPC questions to ask?
``` duration site and appearance at onset details of evolution and spread symptoms; itch, pain, burning aggravating/relieving factors how does it affect you? ```
55
SKIN; systemic enquiry?
mouth/tongue involvement, eye involvement, hair +nail involvement, swellings + lumps anywhere.
56
SKIN; important PMH?
atopy, general health, mouth disease
57
SKIN; describe a flat lesion
macule 1cm
58
SKIN; describe some raised lesions
papule, nodule, plaque, wheal, fluid; vesicle/bulla, cyst, pustule
59
EAR; ototoxic drugs to ask for?
gentamicin, diuretics, cytotoxics
60
EAR; important points about occupation?
noise exposure
61
describe a normal Webers test
heard centrally
62
if webers is louder in the weaker ear, what is this interpreted as?
conductive HL
63
if Webers is louder in the better ear, what is this interpreted as?
sensorineural HL
64
Describe a positive Rinnes test
normal. air conduction is better than bone conduction
65
Describe a negative Rinnes test
abnormal, bone conduction is better than air conduction. conductive hearing loss
66
EAR; important PMH to ask
recent head surgery/injury , history of ear problems
67
THYROID; what do we need to check with the eyes?
exophthalmos eye movement lid lag
68
THYROID; what do you we need to check in the hands?
dry skin, sweat, tremor, pulse (rate+rhythm)
69
THYROID; what are you palpating for?
size, symmetry, consistency, masses, palpable thrill
70
THYROID; what is important in HPC?
recent viral illness
71
THYROID; iodine rich foods?
Sea stuff (fish, kelp etc), cereals and grains
72
SKIN; treatments for eczema
eczema; emollients, avoidance of stimulants, steroids, antihistamine
73
SKIN; treatments for psoriasis
Psoriasis; vitamin D, mild steroids, coal tar, phototherapy.
74
SKIN; treatments for acne
acne; face wash, benzoyl peroxide, retinoid cream, contraceptive pill, antibiotics, isotretinoin
75
SKIN; treatments for rosacea
avoid triggers, topical metronidazole, isotretinoin, tetracycline
76
SKIN; important to ask in suspected skin cancer
sun exposure, skin type, immunosuppression, family history
77
SKIN; systematic review of lesions
colour, size, flat/raised, border, surface features

Last minute exam cram (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions