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msk 3rd shift > tuhod ni daddy nermy > Flashcards

tuhod ni daddy nermy Flashcards

(71 cards)

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1
Q

exp why the knee is highly predisposed to injuries

A

bcs the ligaments not intact

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2
Q

what is the effect on the knee if dorsiflexors are weak

A

weak dorsiflexors = inc anterior pressure on the knee during a squat

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3
Q

compare medial and lateral meniscus in terms of shape

A

medial meniscus - C-shaped

lat meniscus - circular

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4
Q

which meniscus is more injured and why

A

medial meniscus d/t it being less movable or has more attachments

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5
Q

motion of patellar during knee ext

A

superior tracking

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6
Q

motion of patellar during knee flex

A

inferior tracking

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7
Q

which motions does ACL check

A

hyperextension, ant translation of tibia, valgus stress and IR of tibia

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8
Q

which motions does PCL check

A

flexion, post translation of tibia, varus stress and ER of tibia

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9
Q

if pt complains of aching what should you consider

A

more of degenerative changes

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10
Q

if pt complains of sharp pain or catching what should you consider

A

meniscal or plica

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11
Q

if pt complains of stiffness in the morning that improves with activity

A

more of arthritic in nature - RA or OA

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12
Q

if pt complains of pain in anterior knee what should you consider

A

PFPS
bursitis
fat pad irritation
OSD

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13
Q

if pt complains of pain during activity what should you consider

A

structural deformity - subluxation or patellar tracking disorders

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14
Q

if pt complains of pain after activity what should you consider

A

overuse, tendinosis, paratenonitis, inflammatory disorders - jumper’s knee/SLJ

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15
Q

if pt complains of generalized pain what should you consider

A

contusions of partial tear

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16
Q

why does joint swelling cause pain

A

inc fluid in synovium = inc psi = inc pain

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17
Q

ligament involved if MOI is valgus force c or s rotation

A

MCL

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18
Q

ligament involved if MOI is hyperextension and ant translation of tibia

A

ACL

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19
Q

ligament involved if MOI is flexion c posterior translation of tibia

A

PCL

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20
Q

ligament involved if MOI is varus force

A

LCL

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21
Q

what could the affectation be if it is sudden in onset

A

ligamental - cruciates and collateral

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22
Q

what could the affectation be if it is traumatic in onset

A

avulsion or tear ng muscle

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23
Q

what could the affectation be if it is slow in onset

A

more of arthritic or wear and tear

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24
Q

if pt complains of difficulty in stairs what do we consider

A

patella problem or PFPS

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25
if MOI is twisting or pivoting while WB what can we consider
meniscal injury
26
if pt hears a click or pop
ACL or osteochondral fx if lateral - popliteus
27
if injury occurred during acceleration + twist
consider meniscus
28
in injury occurred during deceleration
consider cruciate
29
what to look for in PMHx
check for hip or ankle injury history bcs usually compounded na injuries
30
knee gives away during uphill or downhill
retropatellar lesion - ACL, PCL or hamd
31
knee gives away bcs patella slips out of place
subluxation or plica
32
how to compare locking vs catching
locking - cant fully extend knee with flexion normal catching - momentary locking or giving way
33
causes of locking
loose bodies, meniscus pathology or hamstring spasm; spasm locking
34
causes of catching
reflex inhibition or pain
35
discuss grating or clicking
d/t degeneration or structure snapping over another
36
what to look for in OI
deformities, abnormal protrusions, dislocations, subluxations or bony enlargements contusions, ecchymosis and swelling
37
differentiate contusion vs strain
contusion - direct blow or trauma to area strain - over stretch or fast eccentric both will present as ecchymosis
38
discuss baker's cyst
fluid part of the bursa goes out d/t excessive flex-ext
39
what to consider if painful c resistance and active motion
active structures
40
what to consider if painful c passive motion and joint play
passive structures
41
what is the reverse J sign
seen in PFPS - patella moves superolaterally; normal is superomedial
42
possible causes of reverse J sign
weak VMOs or tight ITB
43
normal lateral movement of patella
1/2
44
normal medial movement of patella
1/4
45
capsular pattern of knee
flex > ext
46
possible causes of extension lag
reduced force production of quads excessive resistance from connective tissues faulty arthrokinematics
47
discuss heel height difference
if may mas mataas = extension lag highest point of calcaneus as reference
48
at what position can you palpate meniscal cysts
45deg flexion
49
at what position can you palpate joint line
90deg flexion
50
possible diagnosis if pain is felt or there are palpation findings on apex of patella
jumper's knee
51
possible diagnosis if pain is felt or there are palpation findings on patellar tendon
paratenonitis or tendinosis
52
possible diagnosis if pain is felt or there are palpation findings on infrapatellar bursa
parson's or vicar's knee
53
possible diagnosis if pain is felt or there are palpation findings on over the patella
prepatellar bursitis or housemaid's knee
54
possible diagnosis if pain is felt or there are palpation findings on articular facets of patella
chondromalacia patellae
55
possible diagnosis if pain is felt or there are palpation findings on suprapatellar pouch
effusion, pathology
56
possible palpation findings on quadriceps
tenderness, atonia, myositis ossificans, tightness
57
possible palpation findings on MCL
sprain, pellegrini-steida syndrome
58
possible palpation findings on pes anserine
strain/bursitis
59
possible palpation findings on distal TFL or ITB
strain or tenderness
60
what is myositis ossificans
calcification of quads d/t to contusions
61
what is pellegrini-steida
calcification of MCL
62
possible palpation findings on medial joint line c tibia IR
medial meniscus lesion/cyst
63
possible palpation findings on lateral joint line c tibia ER
lateral meniscus lesion/cyst
64
possible palpation findings on tibial plateau
coronary ligament sprain
65
possible palpation findings on femoral condyles
osteochondritis dissecans and adductor insertions
66
how to palpate for LCL
figure 4
67
possible palpation findings on post knee
baker's cyst
68
possible palpation findings on popliteus core or arcuate lig
strain/sprain
69
possible palpation findings on semimebranosus corner
strain/sprain
70
possible palpation findings on hamstrings and gastrocsoleus
tenderness, swelling and patholgy
71
what are the ottawa knee rules
younger than 55 or older than 18 fibular head tenderness patellar tenderness inability to flex knee at 90° inability to WB and walk 4 steps when examined and at time of injury

msk 3rd shift (7 decks)

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