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IC Part II > Tumor Biology > Flashcards

Tumor Biology Flashcards

(50 cards)

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1
Q

all _______ are genetic diseases caused by uncontrolled proliferation of cells that have undergone genetic alterations

A

neoplasms

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2
Q
  • expansive
  • slow growing
  • good differentiation
  • NO metastasis
A

benign tumors

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3
Q
  • infiltrative
  • fast growing
  • atypical, poorly differentiated
  • metastasis typical
A

malignant tumors

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4
Q

c-MYC translocation causes

A

burkitt lymphoma

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5
Q

BCL2 translocation causes?

A

follicular lymphoma

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6
Q

amplification of _____ causes neuroblastoma

A

N-myc

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7
Q

amplification of _______ causes breast cancer

A

HER2/neu

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8
Q

extensive chromosomal breaks and rearrangements (osteosarcoma, glioma)

A

chromothrypsis

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9
Q

RAS mutations in many cancers caused by ______ mutations

A

point

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10
Q

local hypermethylation leads to gene _______

A

silencing

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11
Q

altered expression of ________ can have interactions with oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes

A

miRNAs

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12
Q
  • excessive production (quantity or duration)
  • abnormal product unresponsiveness to normal inhibitory influences
  • gain of function mutation
A

production of an oncogene

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13
Q
  • insufficient production, abnormal product
  • requires inactivation of both alleles
  • heterozygous state sufficient to protect against neoplasia
  • oncogenic viruses inactivate these genes
A

tumor suppressors

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14
Q

loss of ________ of tumor suppressor gene predisposes to neoplasia

A

heterozygosity

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15
Q

RET (MEN) and Her2neu (breast cancer) and ________ receptor oncogenes

A

growth factor receptor

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16
Q

_____ is a signal transducing protein oncogene

A

RAS

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17
Q

non receptor tyrosine kinase oncogene?

A

ABL (CML)

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18
Q

transcription factor oncogene that causes burkitt lymphoma and neuroblastoma?

A

MYC

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19
Q

cyclin D1 oncogene causes _______ lymphoma

A

mantle cell

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20
Q

_____ translocation leading to fusion of abl gene with bcr region and constitutive expression of abnormal tyrosine kinase in CML

A

t(9;22)

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21
Q

_______ translocation leads to c-myc overexpression in Burkitt lymphoma

22
Q

fusion of two gene segments produces an abnormal gene product, ________ protein produced

23
Q

translocation places an intact gene downstream of an active promoter, ______ gene is overexpressed

24
Q

double minutes and homgenous staining regions indicative of?

Study These Flashcards
A

gene amplification

25
inherited cancer syndrome of p53
Li Fraumeni
26
inherited cancer syndrome of APC/beta catenin
familial adenomatous polyposis
27
Bcl-2 in follicular lymphoma resists ________
apoptosis
28
MLH1, MSH2 in HNPCC and BRCA1/2 in breast and ovarian cancer cause ________
genomic instability
29
______ enables replicative immortality
telomerase
30
- outgrowth of antigen negative variants - loss of MHC molecules - activation of immunoregulatory paths - secretion of immunosuppressive factors - induction of regulatory T cells
escape from immune surveillance
31
multiple endocrine neoplasia involves inherited mutations in _____ oncogene
RET, MEN1
32
inherited tumor suppressor mutation in ataxia telangiectasia?
ATM
33
______ causes mesothelioma and bronchogenic carcinoma
asbestos
34
the chemical _______ causes hepatocellular carcinoma
aflatoxin
35
the chemical vinyl chloride causes ______ of the liver
angiosarcoma
36
the chemical arsenic causes ______
skin cancer
37
UV rays cause _______ that increase skin cancer, esp in xeroderma pigmentosum
pyrimidine dimers
38
viral carcinogen _____ causes burkitt lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma
EBV
39
viral carcinogen _____ causes viral genes that inactivate RB and p53
HPV
40
____ viral carcinogen causes Kaposi sarcoma
HHV8
41
_____ viral carcinogen causes adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma
HTLV1
42
_____ bacterial carcinogen causes gastric cancer and MALT lymphoma
H pylori
43
tumor marker for trophoblastic tumors
HCG
44
tumor marker for medullary carcinoma of thyroid
calcitonin
45
tumor marker for pheochromocytoma
catecholamines
46
tumor marker for hepatocellular carcinoma, yolk sac tumor
AFP
47
tumor marker for carcinoma of GI, lung, pancreas
CEA
48
protein tumor marker for multiple myeloma
immunoglobulins
49
CA19-9 tumor marker for?
colon and pancreatic cancer
50
CA125 tumor marker for?
ovarian cancer

IC Part II (29 decks)

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