Tumor Markers Flashcards
(45 cards)
Produced by epithelial cells of the prostate gland whose function aids in liquefaction of seminal coagulum
Prostatic Specific Antigen
is synthesized in the pancreatic parenchyma and biliary tract.
tumor marker for pancreatic, colorectal, lung and gastric carcinomas
CA 19-9
CA 19-9 reference range
a. 0-45 u/mL
b. 0-60 u/mL
c. 0-35 u/mL
CA 19-9 reference range
a. 0-45 u/mL
b. 0-60 u/mL
c. 0-35 u/mL
an antigen normally found in breast tissue, used to monitor metastatic breast cancer
CA 15-3
CA 15-3 reference value.
a. less than 40 u/mL
b. less than 45 u/mL
c. less than 35 u/mL
d. less than 30 u/mL
CA 15-3 reference value.
a. less than 40 u/mL
b. less than 45 u/mL
c. less than 35 u/mL
d. less than 30 u/mL
tumor marker for ovarian and endometrial cancer
CA-125
CA-125 reference range
a. 0-45 units/mL
b. 0-60 units/mL
c. 0-35 units/mL
CA-125 reference range
a. 0-45 units/mL
b. 0-60 units/mL
c. 0-35 units/mL
oncofetal glycoprotein antigen normally synthesized in the liver, yolk sac and gastrointestinal tract of the fetus
tumor marker for liver, testicular and ovarian cancer
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)
____ ng/ml fetal serum AFP at 12-15 weeks of gestation.
a. 3-4
b. 2-6
c. 4-7
d.2-3
____ ng/ml fetal serum AFP at 12-15 weeks of gestation.
a. 3-4
b. 2-6
c. 4-7
d.2-3
Normal value for AFP in adults
a. < 20 ng/mL
b. < 35 ng/mL
c. < 40 ng/mL
d. < 30 ng/mL
Normal value for AFP in adults
a. < 20 ng/mL
b. < 35 ng/mL
c. < 40 ng/mL
d. < 30 ng/mL
oncofetal glycoprotein antigen normally found in epithelial cells of the fetal GI tract
tumor marker for colorectal cancer and adenocarcinoma of digestive tract
Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA)
Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) normal value.
a. 3-5 ng/mL
b. 3-6 ng/mL
c. 2.5-5 ng/mL
d. 2.3-5 ng/mL
Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) normal value.
a. 3-5 ng/mL
b. 3-6 ng/mL
c. 2.5-5 ng/mL
d. 2.3-5 ng/mL
Tumor marker for hydatid form mole, gestational choriocarcinoma and placental-site trophoblastic tumor
Beta-Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin
the antibody that is used to detect the antigen of interest is labeled with an indicator enzyme that enables very small quantities of the antigen of interest to be detected.
Enzyme immunoassay (EIA)
is a quantitative method for measurement of antigen or antibody based on the change in electrochemiluminescence (ECL) signal before and after immunoreaction whereby species generated at the electrode undergo a high-energy electron transfer reaction to form excited states that emit light.
Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA)
nonspecific, can also be increased in benign conditions such as pregnancy and liver disease, as well
as other types of malignancies such as testicular cancer.
AFP
levels of AFP in high-risk individuals are considered diagnostic of HCC.
> 500 ng/mL
The primary applications of AFP as a tumor marker are
for
HCC and nonseminomatous testicular cancer. AFP
is typically used as a marker to monitor therapy, detect
residual tumor, or detect relapse.
was first defined by a murine monoclonal antibody raised against a serous ovarian carcinoma cell line.10
CA 125
may be elevated in patients with endometriosis, during the first trimester of pregnancy, or during menstruation.
CA-125
commonly used for the detection of small molecules,
such as endocrine metabolites. With respect to tumor markers, it is also used to detect catecholamine metabo-
lites in plasma and urine.
High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)
an abundant serum protein normally synthesized by the fetal liver that is re-expressed in certain types of tumors. This re-expression during malignancy classifies it as a carcinoembryonic protein. it is often elevated in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and germ cell tumors.
AFP
____ offers improved specific-
ity over CA-125, where it is less frequently elevated in non-malignant conditions, such as endometriosis.
HE4 (Human epididymis protein 4)
can be detected by immunoassays that use OC125 and M11 antibodies.
CA 125
