Tumor staging and Tumor grading

Question 1

• to identify the extent of involvement of the tumor
• TNM: Tumor, Node, Metastasis

Answer 1

Tumor staging

Question 2

• carcinoma in SITU
• localized; closed in a sac
• very small tumor
• incidental findings (accidentally nakita)

Answer 2

Stage 0

Question 3

• small
• hasn’t spread anywhere else

Answer 3

Stage 1

Question 4

• larger, hasn’t spread anywhere else
• LOCAL SPREAD***

Answer 4

Stage 2

Question 5

• spread into surrounding tissues
• EXTENSIVE SPREAD***

Answer 5

Stage 3

Question 6

• atleast 1 body organ

Answer 6

Stage 4

Question 7

Most common Metastasis sites (LLLBB):

Answer 7

Lungs
Lymph nodes
Liver
Brain
Bones

Question 8

• level of differentation
• can be seen in the microscope

Answer 8

Tumor grading

Question 9

• well differentiated

Answer 9

GRADE 1

Question 10

• moderately differentiated

Answer 10

GRADE 2

Question 11

• poorly differentiated, PRE-MALIGNANT

Answer 11

GRADE 3

Question 12

• undifferentiated, MALIGNANCY

Answer 12

GRADE 4

Question 13

• undifferentiated, MALIGNANCY

Answer 13

GRADE 4