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AMT 225 > Turbine engine > Flashcards

Turbine engine Flashcards

(57 cards)

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1
Q

Four forces of flight?

A

Lift, weight, thrust, and drag

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2
Q

What is Newtons third law?

A

For every action there has to be an equal and opposite and reaction

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3
Q

What is thrust?

A

The forward directed force produced by the reaction from a rearward accelerated mass of air

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4
Q

What is the law of conservation of energy?

A

Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, but it can be changed from one form into another

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5
Q

What is potential energy?

A

Is the energy possessed by an object because of its position

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6
Q

What is kinetic energy?

A

Energy due to motion

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7
Q

What is Bernoulli’s principle?

A

The total energy in a column of moving fluid remains constant throughout the column

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8
Q

What type of air flows through a CD duct?

A

Subsonic

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9
Q

What is a convergent duct and what happens to the air as it passes?

A

The duct becomes smaller in the direction of flow. The air velocity increases and the pressure decreases

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10
Q

What is a divergent duct and what happens to the air as it flows?

A

The duct becomes larger in the direction of flow. The air velocity decreases and the pressure increases

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11
Q

What happens with supersonic flow through a converging duct?

A

Density increases, velocity decreases, pressure increases

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12
Q

What happens to supersonic flow through a diverging duct?

A

Density decreases, velocity increases, and its pressure decreases

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13
Q

What are the three types of pressure in a turbine engine?

A

Absolute
Gage
Differential

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14
Q

How is absolute pressure measured?

A

From zero or a vacuum

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15
Q

What is gauge pressure?

A

From existing atmospheric pressure

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16
Q

What is differential pressure?

A

The difference between two pressures

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17
Q

What are the two additional important pressures in turbine engines?

A

Static and total pressure

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18
Q

What are the basic components of a GTE?

A

Inlet
Compressor
Diffuser
Combustors
Turbine
Accessory gear box

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19
Q

What are the four types of GTE?

A

Turbojet
Turboprop
Turbofan
Turboshaft

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20
Q

How do you add more power to a turboprop?

A

Adding more turbine states or a free turbine to turn the propeller

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21
Q

What does a turbofan engine use for engine cooling?

A

By-pass air

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22
Q

What are the advantages of a turbofan over a turbojet?

A

Higher propulsive efficiency
Lower noise level
Lower specific fuel consumption

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23
Q

What is the bypass ratio?

Study These Flashcards
A

The amount of air flow from the fan bypass to the core flow

24
Q

What is the engine pressure ratio?

Study These Flashcards
A

The ratio of the turbine discharge total pressure to the compressor inlet total pressure

25
What is EPR for?
To measure thrust on a GTE
26
What are the two parameters used to measure engine thrust?
Percentage of RPM EPR
27
What is N1?
Low compressor speed
28
What is N2
High compressor speed
29
What are the factors affecting thrust?
Airspeed Air temperature Air pressure Altitude Ram effect
30
What happens with air density and thrust as temp increases?
Air density and thrust decreases
31
What happens with air density and thrust as pressure increases?
air density and thrust increase
32
What happens to thrust as altitude increases?
Thrust decreases
33
Why do jets fly at high altitudes?
Less drag Engines need less power to move forward More fuel efficient
34
What are the two ways to increase thrust in a jet engine?
Water injection-increased mass airflow and low EGT Afterburners-reheat the air after the turbine state
35
The two kinds of air in a turbofan engine?
Core-used for combustion process to produce thrust By-pass air- produces thrust and used for cooling
36
What is a free-turbine engine?
An engine that uses a separate turbine to drive the propeller in a turboprop or fan in a turbo fan
37
What are the components of the cold section?
Inlet Compressor Diffuser
38
What is a station designation?
Where along the length of the engine a component is located
39
How does inlet anti-icing work?
Warm air is bled from the engine's compressor and is ducted through the inlet
40
What must supersonic aircraft use CD inlet ducts?
To slow the air to subsonic speeds
41
What is a compressor?
To supply the correct amount of air for the fuel and to supply it with correct pressure and velocity
42
What is a secondary function of a compressor?
To supply bleed air for various purposes in the engine and aircraft
43
What are the types of compressors?
Centrifugal Axial flow Hybrid
44
What are the components of a centrifugal compressor?
Impeller-rotating part Diffuser-captures the air and forms divergent ducts Manifold-collects air and directs it toward the combustion chamber
45
What are the two components of a axial flow compressor?
Rotor blades-spun by axle powered by the turbine Stator vanes-do not spin
46
What is the purpose of inlet guide vanes?
Changes the direction of the airflow so that it hits the first stage rotors at the optimum angle
47
Why are stator vanes behind rotor vanes?
To form a series of divergent ducts converting velocity to pressure
48
Each consecutive pair of rotor and stator blades constitutes what?
A pressure stage
49
What is compression ratio?
Compressor discharge pressure/compressor inlet pressure
50
What is a blade stall?
The blade AOA becomes excessive, blades stall and airflow separates
51
What design features prevent compressor stall?
Surge bleed valves Variable stator vanes Multiple spools
52
What are surge bleed valves?
Dump pressure from the last sages of the compressor to increase airflow
53
What are variable stator vanes?
Repositions the stator vanes to optimize rotor blade AOA
54
Multiple spools
Each spool operates at its optimum speed
55
What is a 2-spool engine?
An engine with two separate compressors each driven by its own turbine section
56
What is a mid-span shroud?
Provides stiffness and to prevent flutter
57
Where is the highest pressure located in an engine?
At the diffusor

AMT 225 (8 decks)

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