Types and Schedules of Consequence - UNIT 3

Question 1

Positive Reinforcement

Answer 1

adding a stimulus to increase a behavior
Something that makes you say YAY!
ex. giving a dog a treat for sitting like a good boy

Question 2

Negative Reinforcement

Answer 2

something unpleasant is removed from environment immediately following a behavior
Something that makes you feel RELIEF!
ex. alarm clock

Question 3

Positive punishment

Answer 3

Adding an adversive stimulus to decrease a behavior
ex. tugging on a leash will make the dog not pull
Makes you say ouch!

Question 4

Negative punishment

Answer 4

Removing a pleasant stimulus to decrease a behavior
ex. taking away a kids phone when he doesn’t listen to his parents
-will make him listen to his parents more in the future
Duh!

Question 5

Fixed ratio

Answer 5

Reinforcement after a specific (predictable, predetermined) number of responses
-little hesitation when responding and easy o implement constantly, but there is a post reinforcement pause
ex. rabbit is reinforced (given a treat) every time it pulls the lever exactly 5 TIMES

Question 6

Variable Ratio

Answer 6

Reinforcement after and average (random) number of responses
-no post-reinforcement pause, but requires careful and creative thinking and effort to execute
ex. gambling and lottery games

Question 6

Fixed Interval

Answer 6

reinforcement is given to a desired response after a specific (predictable) amount of time has passed
-easy to implement but produces scalloped effect, or more time consuming process, in responding
ex. a weekly paycheck

Question 7

Variable Interval

Answer 7

First behavior is reinforced after an average (unpredictable) amount of time has passed
-produces stable, steady rates but requires careful planning and creative thinking to execute
ex. pop quizzes and speed traps

Question 8

Schedules linked to a number of responses

Answer 8

Ratio schedules

Question 9

Schedule based on time intervals

Answer 9

Interval schedule