Types of Data Flashcards
What’s qualitative data?
Data which is displayed in words and is non-numerical
+/- qualitative
+rich and depth detail
+allows ppts to greater develop their opinion hence greater external validity
+more meaningful insight into the ppts views
-difficult to analyse
-difficult to make comparisons with other data
-researcher bias presented as conclusions rely on the subjective interpretations of the researcher
What’s quantitative data?
Data that’s displayed numerically
+/- quantitative
+can be analysed statistically so can be converted to graphs or charts
+east to make comparisons with other data
-lack of depth and detail
-no meaningful insight into ppts
-ppts aren’t able to develop their ideas
What’s primary data?
When info is obtained it’s first hand by the researcher
+/- primary data
+targets the exact info the researcher needs
-more time and effort
+can be expensive
What’s secondary data?
When info is collected by someone else but is used by the researcher for their own investigation
+/- secondary data
+expensive
+requires minimal effort to collect
-the data could be outdated and incomplete
-nah not be reliable
What’s a meta-analysis?
When a researcher combines results from many different studies and uses it to form an overall view of the subject they’re investigating
+/- meta-analysis
+more generalisable
+researcher is able to view the evidence in more confidence as there’s a lot of it
-publication bias ——> researcher leaves out info that gives negative results
3 measures of central tendency
Mean
Median
Mode
What’s the mean
Total of all values divided by how many there are
+/- mean
+Makes use of all values
+Good for interval data
-influenced by outliers can be unrepresentative
Median
Central value
+/- median
+not affected by extreme scores
+good for ordinal data
-doesn’t use all values so isn’t as sensitive
Mode
The most frequent value in a set of data
+/- mode
+useful for nominal data
-isn’t useful when they’re several modes
What are the 2 measures of dispersion
Range
Standard deviation
Range
Minus lowest and highest scores
+/- range
+easy to calculate
-affected by extreme values
-doesn’t use all data
What’s a standard deviation?
Calculated by subtracting each value from the mean and squaring the difference and finding the sum of the square
+/- standard deviation
+precise measure as all data is taken into account
-difficult to calculate
-affected by extreme values
What are bar charts used for?
Discrete data ——> data that’s been divided into categories
Frequency ——> Y/vertical axis
Categories ——> X/horizontal axis
What are histograms used for?
Continuous data
