Types Of Long Term Memory Flashcards
(12 cards)
Who proposed that the Multi-Store Model of memory is too simple and inflexible ?
Tulving
Proposed 3 stores in LTM containing different info
What are the three types of long-term memory (LTM) proposed by Tulving?
- Episodic memory
- Semantic memory
- Procedural memory
Define episodic memory.
A long term memory store for personal events
memories from this store have to be retrived consciously and with effort
includes specific memories of when events occurred and the context surrounding them
What does semantic memory store?
Knowledge of the world, including facts and meanings of words and concepts
memories usually need to be recalled deliberately
What does Procedural memory store?
Long term memory store for our knowledge of how to do things including memories of learned skills
Allows recall of learned skills without conscious effort
What condition did Clive Wearing suffer from?
Severe amnesia resulting from a viral infection
This infection damaged his hippocampus, affecting his long-term memory.
How long is Clive Wearing’s memory span?
Less than 30 seconds
Clive can only remember information for 7 to 30 seconds.
What’s a strength of types of LTM regarding clinical cases?
In the cases of patient H.M and Clive Wearing, episodic memory in both men impaired with semantic memory and procedural memory still intact
H.M knew what a dog was (didnt remember stroking one prior) and Clive could read, sing and play piano
What’s another strength of types of LTM regarding support?
Allows psychologists to help people with memory problems, mainly with episodic memory in elders. Bellevill et al created training intervention to improve episodic memory for elders.
Trained participants performed better than those who didnt train
Distinguishing between types enables specific treatment
What’s a limitation of types of LTM regarding clinical cases?
Lack control of variables like events before/during injury and memory prior (eg: Psychologists observed natural behaviour of Clive within his home)
Cannot generalise individual cases to majority and it limits what clinical studies can say about types of LTM
What’s a limitation of types of LTM regarding conflicting research?
Conflicting findings when trying to link types of LTM to brain areas.
Buckner and Peterson suggests semantic is left prefrontal cortex and episodic is right however Tulving suggest left prefrontal cortex is for coding of episodic whilst right is for retrieval of episodic
Challenges neurophysiological evidence to support types of memory
What is the significance of memory in shaping identity?
Memories allow us to learn, adapt, and make sense of the world
The study of memory is complex due to individual differences in memory processes.
